Chapter 12 Flashcards
Consists of DNA and associated proteins
Chromosome
DNA and protein that makes up of eukaryotic chromosomes
Chromatin
Genetic material of an organism or virus
Genome
Body cells
Somatic
Reproductive cells
Gamete
How does cell division differ between animal and plant cells?
Animal cells produce a cleavage furrow while plant cells make a cell plate
Region on each sister chromatid where it is closely attached to the other chromatid
Centromere
Makes up the chromosome
Chromatid
The cell grows during this phase
G1
DNA is replicated before mitosis
S
2nd Gap growth phase
G2
Chromatin condenses, mitotic spindle forms, nucleolus disapears
Prophase
Chromosomes are aligned on the equator of the cell
Metaphase
Nuclear envelope fragments, spindle microtubules attach to kinetochores
Prometaphase
Daughter nuclei form and cytokinesis begins
Telophase
Chromatids are separated and move to opposite poles
Anaphase
uncontrollable division of cells
Cancer
Assemblage of microtubules and proteins
Mitotic spindle
Microtubule organizing center
Centrosome
Links sister chromatids to mitotic spindle
Kinetochore
attach to the kinetochores of chromosomes by their plus ends, and maneuver the chromosomes during mitotic or meiotic chromosome segregation.
Kinetochore microtubules
What is the role of nonkinetochore microtubules?
Interact with those from opposite pole of the spindle; elongates the cell
What cytoskeletal structure is associated in the production of a cleavage furrow?
Actin microfilaments
Gene that causes cancer
Oncogene
