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BIO 120 > Chapter 12 > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Consists of DNA and associated proteins

A

Chromosome

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2
Q

DNA and protein that makes up of eukaryotic chromosomes

A

Chromatin

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3
Q

Genetic material of an organism or virus

A

Genome

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4
Q

Body cells

A

Somatic

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5
Q

Reproductive cells

A

Gamete

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6
Q

How does cell division differ between animal and plant cells?

A

Animal cells produce a cleavage furrow while plant cells make a cell plate

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7
Q

Region on each sister chromatid where it is closely attached to the other chromatid

A

Centromere

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8
Q

Makes up the chromosome

A

Chromatid

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9
Q

The cell grows during this phase

A

G1

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10
Q

DNA is replicated before mitosis

A

S

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11
Q

2nd Gap growth phase

A

G2

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12
Q

Chromatin condenses, mitotic spindle forms, nucleolus disapears

A

Prophase

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13
Q

Chromosomes are aligned on the equator of the cell

A

Metaphase

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14
Q

Nuclear envelope fragments, spindle microtubules attach to kinetochores

A

Prometaphase

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15
Q

Daughter nuclei form and cytokinesis begins

A

Telophase

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16
Q

Chromatids are separated and move to opposite poles

A

Anaphase

17
Q

uncontrollable division of cells

A

Cancer

18
Q

Assemblage of microtubules and proteins

A

Mitotic spindle

19
Q

Microtubule organizing center

A

Centrosome

20
Q

Links sister chromatids to mitotic spindle

A

Kinetochore

21
Q

attach to the kinetochores of chromosomes by their plus ends, and maneuver the chromosomes during mitotic or meiotic chromosome segregation.

A

Kinetochore microtubules

22
Q

What is the role of nonkinetochore microtubules?

A

Interact with those from opposite pole of the spindle; elongates the cell

23
Q

What cytoskeletal structure is associated in the production of a cleavage furrow?

A

Actin microfilaments

24
Q

Gene that causes cancer

A

Oncogene

25
Q

Gene whose protein product inhibits cell division, preventing cancer cells from growing

A

Tumor suppressor gene

26
Q

Inhibits de-polymerization of microtubules in cancer

A

Taxol

27
Q

Inhibits polymerization of microtubules in cancer

A

Vinca

BIO 120 (16 decks)

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