Chapter 9 Flashcards
human intelligence
the ability to think, learn form experience, to solve problems, and to adapt to new situations
IQ
intelligence quotient. measure of intelligence that is adjusted for age.
IQ = mental age / chronological age * 100
language
a system of communication that uses symbols in a regular way to create meaning. the “crown jewel of cognition”
general intelligence factor
the construct that the different abilities and skills measured on intelligence tests have in common
Sanford-binet intelligence test
measure of g made of up wide variety of tasks including vocabulary, memory for pictures, naming of familiar objects, repeating sentences, foolingg commands
specific intelligence
a measure of specific skills in narrow domains
fluid intelligence
refers to the capacity to learn new ways of solving problems and performing activities
primary mental abilities
seven clusters of intelligence: word fluency, verbal comprehension, spatial ability, perceptual speed, numerical ability, inductive reasoning, memory
triarchic (three-part) theory of intelligence
people may display more or less analytical intelligence, creative intelligence, and practical intelligence
five components that are likely to be important for creativity
expertise, imaginative thinking, risk taking, intrinsic interests, working in a creative environment
expertise
creative people have studied and know a lot about the topic that they are studying
imaginative thinking
create people often view a problem in a visual way, allowing them to see it from a new and different point of view
risk taking
creative people are willing to take on new but potentially risky approaches
intrinsic interest
creative people tend to work on projects because they love doing them, not because they are paid for them. In fact, research has found that people who are paid to be creative are often less creative than those who are not
working in a creative environment
creativity is in part a social phenomenon. most creative people are supported, aided, and challenged by other people working on similar projects.
practical intelligence
a type of street smarts or common sense, learned from life experiences. not book learning.
autistic savants
people who score low on overall intelligence tests overall but may have exceptional skills in a given domain such as math, music, art, or in being able to recite statistics.
Gardner’s 8 specific intelligence
linguistic, logico-mathematical, spatial, musical, kinesthetic, interpersonal, interpersonal, naturalistic
standardization of intelligence test
giving it to a large number of people at different ages and computing the average score on the test at each age level
flynn effect
observation that scores on intelligence tests worldwide have increased substantially over the past decades
mental age
the age at which a person is performing intellectually
wechsler adult intelligence scale
the most widely used intelligence test for adults
aptitude tests
measure one’s ability to perform a given task, for instance, to do well in college or in postgrad training.
personell selection
the use of structured tests to select people are likely to perform well at given jobs
