Chapter 9 Flashcards
A Lear memory of an emotionally significant moment
Flashbulb memories
Memory
The persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of information.
Encoding
Processing of info into the memory system
The retention of encoded info over time
Storage
Retrieval
Process of getting info from memory storage
Immediate very brief recording of sensory info in the memory system
Sensory memory
Activated memory that holds a few items briefly
Short term memory
Long term memory
The relatively permanent and limitless storage.
Newer understanding of short term memory that involves conscious, active processing of incoming auditory and visual.
Working memory
Automatic processing
Unconscious encoding of incidental info, such as space time and frequency and of well learned info such as word meanings.
Effortful processing
Encoding that requires attention and conscious effort.
Conscious repetition of info either to maintain it in consciousness or to encode for storage
Rehearsal
Spacing effect
Tendency for distributed study or practice over time better long term retention instead of mass study.
Our tendency to recall the 1st and last part of a sequence
Serial position effect
Visual encoding
Encoding using visual images and pictures
The encoding of sound and sounds of words
Acoustic encoding
Semantic encoding
Encoding using meaning
Mental pictures, a powerful aid to Effortful processing especially, when combined with semantic encoding
Imagery
Mnemonic devices
Memory aids especially those techniques that use vivid imagery and organizational devices.
Organizing items into familiar manageable units
Chunking
Hierarchies
Organizing a few broad concepts by dividing up topics and subdividing them into smaller parts too.
Self reference effect
Relating it to yourself
Iconic memory
Visual stimuli
Echoic memory
Auditory stimuli
George miller
7 + or - 2
LTP
Increase in potential in synapse after brief stimulation.
Amnesia
Memory loss
Implicit
Procedural retention unconscious natural
