Chapter 1 Flashcards
Overconfidence
Think we know more than we really know
Hindsight bias
“I knew it all along” phenomenon
Critical thinking
Assess conclusions and evaluates evidence
Scientific method
Hypothesis theory stuff Francis bacon invented
Theory
Exploration using an integrated set of principles that organizes and predicts observations
Hypotheses
Testable predictions often implied by a theory
Operational definitions
Statement of procedures
Replicate
Repeating the essence of a research study. Same test different people
Case study
An observation technique in which one person is studied in depth
Survey
A technique for ascertaining the self reported attitudes or behaviors of people usually by questioning a representative random sample
False consensus theory
Tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share our beliefs and behavior
Population
All the cases in a group, from which samples may be drawn for a study
Random sample
Sample that fairly represents a population
Naturalistic observations
Observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations w/o trying to manipulate and control the situation
Correlate
When two factors relate positively or negatively or when two factors vary together
Scatterplots
Graphed cluster of dots
Illusory correlation
Perception of a relationship when more exist
Experiment
Research method in which an investigator manipulates cause and effect
Double blind procedure
Researcher and participants are blind to the experiment
Placebo effect
How people act in situations when it’s something that it’s not. Non alcoholic beverages vs alcoholic
Experimental condition
Condition of an experiment that exposes participants to the treatment that is to one version of the independent variable
Mode
Shows up the most
Mean
Average
Media
The middle variable
Range
Biggest minus the smallest
Standard deviation
Computed measure of how scores vary
