Chapter 6 Flashcards
Selective attention
The focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus.
Perception
Organizing and interpreting sensory information
Cocktail party effect
The ability to only listen to one conversation at once.
Inattentional blindness
Failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere.
Choice blindness
Fail to notice a change in a choice that you made.
Change deafness
Fail to notice certain sound because your focus is is elsewhere.
Change blindness
Fail to notice changes because our focus is elsewhere.
Choice blindness-blindness
Blindness to phenomenon of choice blindness.
Pop out phenomenon
Stimuli that is so distinct that it demands our attention.
Illusions
Reveal the ways we normally organize and interpret our sensations.
Visual capture
Tendency for vision to dominate the other senses.
Gestalt
An organized whole, gestalt psychologists emphasized our tendency to integrate pieces of info into meaningful wholes
Figure ground
Organization of visual field into objects that stand out from its surroundings.
Grouping
Perceptual tendency to organize stimuli into connect groups
Group nearby figures together
Proximity
Similarity
Group together figures that are similar
Continuity
Perceive smooth continuous lines and patterns.
Connectedness
Preciezer linker and uniform instem of sperate.
Depth Perception
Ability to see in 3D although its 2D
Visual Cliff
Lab device used to test depth perception
Closure
Fill in gaps to create complete image.
Binocular cues
Depth cues, like retinal disparity and convergence, depend on the use of 2 eyes.
Retinal disparity
Binocular cue for perceiving depth. Greater distance between two objects closer object is.
Convergence
Neuromuscular cue caused by the eyes greater inward strain. Nearby objects cause greater strain
Monocular cues
Separate for each eye
Relative size
We think 2 objects similar in size farther one away is smaller
Interposition
If one object partially blocks our view of another we perceive it as closer
Relative clarity
Hazy objects= farther away
Distinct texture = increased distance?
Texture gradient
Lower object = closer
Relative height
As we move, object that don’t appear to move.
Relative motion
Parallel lines converge with distance
Linear perspective
Light and shadow
Dimmer object are farther away
Illusion of movement when two or more adjacent lights blink on and off In quick succession
Phi phenomenon
Stroboscopic effect
Visual phenomenon caused by aliasing that occurs when continuous motion is presented by sequence of short samples
Perceptual constancy
Perceiving objects as I changing even as illumination and retinal images change.
Ability to adjust to an artificially displaced or even inverted visual field
Perceptual adaptation
Perceptual set
Mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another
Schema
Concept or framework that organizes and interprets information.
Context effects
Given Stimulus may trigger radically different perceptions
Explores how people and machines interact
Human factors psychologists
ESP?
Extra sensory perception- fortune telling
Parapsychology
Study of people who an “see the future”
