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AP Psych > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

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0
Q

Perception

A

Process- ORGANIZING and INTERPRETING sensory information (recognize meaningful objects)

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1
Q

Sensation

A

Process- sensory receptors and nervous system RECEIVE AND REPRESENT stimulus energies from our environment.

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2
Q

Bottom up processing

A

Sensory receptors —> Brains integration

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3
Q

Minimum stimulation needed to to detect particular stimuli 50% of the time?

A

Absolute threshold

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4
Q

How and when we detect presence of faint stimulus amid background stimulation.

A

Signal Detection Theory

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6
Q

Difference threshold

A

Minimum difference between two stimuli required for detection 50% of the time. (Noticeable difference)

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7
Q

Webers law

A

To be perceived as different, two stimuli must differ by constant minimum percentage.

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9
Q

Sensory adaptation

A

Diminished sensitivity as a Consequence of constant stimulation

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10
Q

Transduction

A

The conversion of one form of energy to another

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11
Q

Psychophysics

A

The relationship between physical characteristics of stimuli

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12
Q

What is a wavelength?

A

Distance from peak to peak

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13
Q

The dimension of color that is determined by wavelength of light.

A

Hue

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14
Q

Basilar membrane

A

In cochlea holds organ corti

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15
Q

Below ones absolute threshold?

A

Subliminal

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16
Q

Intensity

A

The loudness or brightness, determined by amplitude.

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17
Q

Pupil

A

Adjustable opening on the enter of the eye through which light enters

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18
Q

Iris

A

The muscular tissue that ford,the colored portion of the eye around pupil and controls size of pupil opening.

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19
Q

Lens

A

Transparent structure behind the pupil that changes shape to help focus images on retina.

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20
Q

Accommodation

A

Eye lens changes shape to focus near and far objects on the retina.

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22
Q

Acuity

A

Sharpness of vision

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23
Q

Nearsightedness

A

Seeing near things clearly.

24
Q

Farsightedness

A

Seeing things farther clearer

25
Q

Rods

A

Retinal receptors that detect black white and grey.

26
Q

Cones

A

Detect fine detail, work well in daylight.

27
Q

Optic nerve

A

Carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain

28
Q

Blind spot

A

Point where optic nerve leaves the eye

29
Q

Fovea

A

Central focal point in retina

30
Q

Feature detectors

A

Nerve cells in brain that respond to ANGLE SHAPE MOVEMENT.

31
Q

Processes several aspects of a problem simultaneously.

A

Parallel processing.

32
Q

Young helmholtz trichromatic theory

A

3 different color receptors. Red green blue.

33
Q

Opposing colors enable color vision.

A

Opponent process theory

34
Q

Color constancy

A

Perceiving familiar objects as having consistent color.

35
Q

Audition

A

Sense or act of hearing.

36
Q

Frequency

A

of complete wavelengths that pass a point in a certain amount of time.

37
Q

Pitch

A

Tones highness or lowness found by frequency

38
Q

Middle ear

A

3 tiny bones ( HAMMER ANVIL STIRRUP)

39
Q

Cochlea

A

Coiled bony fluid filled tube in inner ear (sound waves trigger nerve impulses)

40
Q

Place theory

A

Links pitch and place where the cochlea membrane is stimulated.

41
Q

Frequency theory

A

Rate of nerve impulses traveling up the auditory nerve matches the frequency of tone.

42
Q

Caused by damage to the mechanical system that CONDUCTS sound waves to the cochlea

A

Conduction hearing loss

43
Q

Sensorineural hearing loss

A

Caused by damage to the cochlear receptor cells or to the auditory nerve

44
Q

Cochlear implant.

A

Device using electrical signals stimulates the auditory nerve.

45
Q

Gate control theory

A

Neurological gate in spinal cord that blocks pain when going into shock.

46
Q

McGurke effect

A

Interaction between hearing vision and speech perception.

47
Q

Sensory interaction

A

One sense influencing others

48
Q

Sensory compensation

A

Ex. When deaf you sight is increased

One helps other

49
Q

Kinesthesis

A

System for sensing body position and movement of individual body parts.

50
Q

Blindsight

A

Destruction in visual cortex causing blindness in a part of vision.

51
Q

Vestibular sense

A

Sense of the body movement position and balance.

52
Q

Inner ear

A

Contrails cochlea semicircular canals and vestibular sacs

54
Q

Activation, often unconscious, of certain association predisposing PERCEPTION, MEMORY, RESPONSE

A

Priming

68
Q

Prosopagnosia

A

Damage to the brain making person unable to recognize familiar faces.

AP Psych (11 decks)

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