Chapter 8.2 The Genetic Code DNA Review

Question 1

How do parents pass traits to offspring?

Answer 1

Through chromosomes

Question 2

What are chromosomes made of?

Answer 2

DNA and proteins

Question 3

Where in the cell are chromosomes located?

Answer 3

Nucleus

Question 4

What is the structure of DNA?

Answer 4

Double helix or twisted ladder

Question 5

What are the sides of the DNA ladder made of?

Answer 5

Alternating sugar (deoxyribose) molecoules and phosphate molecules

Question 6

What are the rungs of DNA ladder made of?

Answer 6

Nitrogen bases:
Adenine (A)
Thymine (T)
Guanine (G)
Cytosine (C)

Question 7

What is a nucleotide?

Answer 7

A subunit of DNA that consists of a deoxyribose sugar, phosphate and a nitrogen base

Question 8

What is a gene?

Answer 8

A section of the DNA molecule that contains the information to code for one specific protein
A gene is made up of a series of bases in a row - ATGACGTAC

Question 9

How many bases does a single gene contain?

Answer 9

Several hundred to a million plus

Question 10

True or false

Each gene is located at a specific place on a chromosome.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

Why does each individual have a unique set of DNA?

Answer 11

Because there are so many possible combinations of bases and genes

Question 13

What is the only type of cell in the body that does not contain DNA?

Answer 13

Red blood cells