Chapter 10.3 Fungi Flashcards
What is mycology
The study of fungi
How was fungi discovered
Alexander flemming was studying petri dishes and in most of them there was a bunch of growth except for one. That one had penicillin
When did that discovery of penicillin take place
1928
What do eukaryotic fungi contain
Nucleus, ER, golgi and mitochondria
Where were they common
They were common in myths because of their peculiar properties and strange morphology
Do plants and fungi share much in common
False, they share very little in common
Which thing do fungi have more in common with
Animals
Are fungi decomposers
Yes
What is bioremediation
The use of fungi to decompose pollutant in the soil
What are two forms of fungi
Yeast and mold
What is yeast
Unicellular
Replicate asexually
Common in the production of food and wine
What is mold
Filamentous threadlike
Replicates sexually or asexually
What are yeast’s structure
They’re single-celled fungi
What is the honey mushroom
Largest living organism on earth
What is the hypha(plural: hyphae)
A filamentous network that supports the fungus
Cells contain a cell wall of chitin
Collective network is the mycelium
What are the cells of the fungi aranged in
A hyphae
What is the underground hyphae
Underneath the soil
Allows for nutrients aquisition growth of the fungus and production of the fruiting body
What is the collective network of hyphae called?
Mycelium
What is a mycorrhizae
A symbiotic relationship between the mycelium and plant roots
What does myco mean
Mushroom
What does rhiza mean
Roots
What does a mycorrizae allow
For the growth and life of many mushrooms
What is a saprobic fungi
A fungi that has a relationship with dead organic matter(leaf litter, rotting wood)
What is a parasitic fungi
It infects and kills insects
Ex; cordyceps
What are all the names for the fruiting body
Fruiting body, cap or pileus
What is the fruiting body
The reproductive function of a fungus
Vary signifigantly between species
What are the gills/lamellae
Thin ribbon-like projection
Site of spore production
Tissue layer of spore production is called the hymenium
What is the stalk(stripe)
Stem or stalk-like feature that supports the cap
Varying height aids in spore dispersal
What is the annulus or partial veil
Ring of tissue below the cap and gills covers hymenium throughout development and detatched once hymenium matures
How does the asexual production work
Fruiting body produces spores that are carried by wind or water to new locations, the spore lands and starts new colony
How does the sexual reproduction of a mushroom work
Hyphae from 2 colonies grow close together and share genetic information
What are the classifications of fungi
Thread-like
Sac
Club
Imperfect
What is a thread-like
600 species
Produce spores in their thread-like hyphae
What is a sac fungi
30,000+ species of fungi(yeast, truffles)
Produce spores in structures that look like sacs
What is a club fungi
25,000+ species of mushrooms, bracket fungi, plant parasites, puffballs
Produce spores in structures that look like clubs
What is an imperfect fungi
25,000 species of fungi
Ex; penicillium
Not known to reproduce sexually
