Chapter 7.1 Genetics: The Work Of Gregor mendel

Question 1

Who is the father of genetics?

Answer 1

Gregor Mendel

Question 2

What is genetics?

Answer 2

The scientific study of heredity?

Question 3

What is heredity?

Answer 3

The passing on of characteristics (traits) from parents to offspring.

Question 4

What is a trait?

Answer 4

A characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring.

Question 5

What organism did Mendel study?

Answer 5

Pea plants

Question 6

What characteristics of pea plants did Mendel study?

Answer 6

Height
Seed color
Pod color
Flower color
Seed shape

Question 7

What did Mendel observe about the characteristics of pea plants?

Answer 7

The traits were often similar to those of their parents.

Sometimes, however, the forms differed.

Question 8

What is the pistil?

Answer 8

The part of the plant that produces female sex cells, or eggs.

Question 9

What is the stamen?

Answer 9

The part of the plant that produces pollen, which contains the male sex cells, or sperm.

Question 10

What s fertilization?

Answer 10

The process when a new organism forms after an egg and sperm cell join.

Question 11

What is pollination?

Answer 11

The process of pollen reaching the pistil of a flower.

Question 12

What does self-pollinating mean?

Answer 12

Pollen from a flower lands on the pistil of the same flower and pollinates it.

Question 13

what are true breeding plants?

Answer 13

Plants that will only produce offspring identical to themselves if they are allowed to self-pollinate.

Question 14

Mendel studied many traits of pea plants. How many did he study at one time?

Answer 14

ONE

Question 15

What did Mendel notice when he crossed a purple flower with a white flower?

Answer 15

A trait from the parent did not always show up in the first generation offspring.

Question 16

What did Mendel do to better control his experiments?

Answer 16

1. He used a method called cross-pollination. He used pollen from true breeding plants with different traits to produce new offspring.
2. The parts of the plant that contain pollen (the anthers) were removed so that the plant could not self-pollinate.

Question 17

What is cross-pollination?

Answer 17

Pollen from a DIFFERENT plant pollinates the plant

Question 18

What happened when Mendel crossed true breeding purple flowered plants with true breeding white flowered plants?

Answer 18

The first generation was all purple flowered plants.

Question 19

What happened when Mendel allowed the offspring of cross pollinated purple pea plants to self pollonate?

Answer 19

There were 3 purple flowers for every one white flower.

Question 20

What is a hybrid?

Answer 20

When offspring of parents have different forms of a trait.

Question 21

What is a monohybrid?

Answer 21

When only one trait of the offspring is different.

Question 22

What notation did Mendel use to identify parents and different generations of offspring?

Answer 22

Parent - P1 generation
Offspring - F1 generation
Offspring of first generation - F2 generation