Chapter 8 - Skeletal System (B) - Appendicular Skeleton

Question 1

126 bones of the appendicular skeleton are involved with _____________.

Answer 1

movement

Question 2

What are girdles and where are they located?

Answer 2

support limbs

• pectoral girdle
• pelvic girdle

Question 3

the pectoral girdle is composed of what structures?

Answer 3

left and right scapulae and clavicles

Question 4

the pelvic girdle is composed of what structures?

Answer 4

left and right ossa coxae

Question 5

the upper limb is divided into what 4 areas?

Answer 5

shoulder –> area of upper limb attachment to the trunk
arm–> upper limb btw shoulder and elbow joint
forearm –> btw the elbow and wrist
hand –> distal to the wrist

Question 6

the sternal end of the clavicle articulates with ….

Answer 6

manubrium of sternum

Question 7

the lacrimal end of the clavicle articulates with….

Answer 7

acromion

Question 8

what is the only bone in the arm of the upper limb?

Answer 8

humerous

Question 9

what bones are located in the forearm of the upper limb?

Answer 9

radius and ulna

Question 10

the hand is composed of what 3 main components

Answer 10

carpals - 8 per hand (wrist)
metacarpals - 5 per hand (palm)
phalanges - 14 per hand (fingers)
-proximal, middle, and distal plalanx’s

Question 11

what 4 regions is the lower limb divided into?

Answer 11

gluteal region –> btw iliac crest and hip joint
thigh –> btw hip and knee joint
leg –>btw knee and ankle
foot –> distal to the ankle

Question 12

what are the components of the pelvic girdle?

Answer 12

located in gluteal region.

- made up of 2 os coax (ilium, ischium, pubis)

Question 13

what joins the pelvic girdle halves together?

Answer 13

pubic symphysis and sacrum

Question 14

the ilium of the pelvic girdle forms the ______.

Answer 14

acetabulum (socket of the head of the femur)

Question 15

the most prominent feature of the ischium is the….

Answer 15

ischial tuberosity (sitting bones)

Question 16

what is the pubis?

Answer 16

the anterior and inferior part of the hip bone

Question 17

where is the false pelvis located? and what does it contain?

Answer 17

lies above the pelvic brim

contains urinary bladder, lower intestine, uterus and ovaries

Question 18

where is the true pelvis located? what does it contain?

Answer 18

below pelvic brim

- contain the rectum, expanded urinary bladder, vagina, cervix, prostate

Question 19

Explain the difference between the male and female pelvises.

Answer 19

male: larger and heavier bones, smaller inlet, subpubic angle is 90 degrees

Question 20

the longest, heaviest and strongest bone is…

Answer 20

the femur

Question 21

what joins the tibia and fibia?

Answer 21

interosseous membrane

Question 22

what do the distal ends of the leg bones form?

Answer 22

medial and lateral malleoli of the ankle

Question 23

what are the bones of the foot?

Answer 23

• Tarsals (7 per foot) - ankle
• calcaneus = heel
• Metatarsals (5 per foot) - sole
• Phalanges (14 per foot) - toes –> proximal, middle, and distal phalanx

Question 24

what are the two arches of the foot?

Answer 24

transverse arch

longitudinal arch

Question 25

what is the purpose of foot arches?

Answer 25

support the weight of the body
provides spring to step
leverage