Chapter 8: Genetics & Breeding Colony Management Flashcards
True or False
Ferrets, cats, and rabbits are common laboratory animal species that are induced ovulators
True
True or False
For the purposes of artificial insemination in small rodents, sperm is collected directly from the testes following euthanasia
False
It is collected directly from the ductus deferens and epididymis
True or False
A breeding colony, transformation colony, and reproduction colony are needed to establish inbred colonies
False
Foundation colony, expansion colony, and production colony
True or False
Environmental factors that may affect breeding programs include light cycle, temperature, humidity, and noise
True
The _____ refers to all genes in an organism
Genome
A ________ is a fertilized egg
Zygote
List the five categories of phenotypes
1- visible 2- behavioral 3- demonstrable 4- inducible 5- physiological
In what type of mating system is one female bred with one male?
Monogamous
What is the difference between intensive and no intensive breeding?
Intensive: the male stays with the female continuously
Breeding animals that are unrelated or only distantly related is called ________
Outbreeding
Breeding animals that are related and have minimum genetic variation is called _______
Inbreeding
List the four stages of the estrous cycle
1- proestrus
2- estrus
3- metestrus
4- diestrus
To freeze at very low temperatures embryos, sperm cells, or ovaries
Cryopreservation
The time from when an egg is fertilized to birth
Gestation
The Union of eggs and sperm outside the body
In vitro fertilization
Manually placing semen into the reproductive tract of a female in heat
Artificial insemination
The birth of the young at the natural end of gestation
Parturition
Difficult birth
Dystocia
The long period between breeding seasons in some animal species such as dogs and cats is referred to as _______
Anestrus
Give the Guide’s definition of animal biosecurity
All measures to control known or unknown infections in laboratory animals
Embryo _______ involves taking fertilized eggs or embryos from animals that may have pathogens and then surgically implanting them for gestation in to female that is free of pathogens
Rederivation
________ ovulators only ovulate in response to copulation
Induced
Genetic testing that can tell which genes an animal possesses
Genotyping
The animal in which the mutation occurs differs from other animals of that strain, usually by a single mutant gene
Coisogenic animal
Animal that contains some cells with the new gene and some without the new gene
Chimera
Mice that have DNA from a different source inserted into their genome
Transgenic
Original animals with the desired DNA
Founders
Location of chromosomes
Cell nucleus
A targeted mutation in which new genes are inserted
Knockin
Different versions of the same gene
Alleles
Structures that contains genes
Chromosomes
Physical traits that are a result of the underlying genetic makeup
Phenotype
Strain that is constructed by selectively mating an animal carrying the mutation of interest to an inbred animal from a strain of choice
Congenic animal
Animals used for research
Production colony
Actual genetic makeup
Genotype
Strands that form chromosomes
DNA
