Chapter 11: Research Methodologies Flashcards

1
Q

True or False

Some experimental animals have been genetically manipulated to induce specific immune system deficiencies

A

True

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2
Q

True or False

Nude mice are more susceptible to infections because they are hairless

A

False

More susceptible because they lack a thymus

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3
Q

True or False
Housing animals that are gentically immunocompromised requires no social protection if the animals are obtained from a supplier that provides adequate testing to ensure the animals are germ-fee at the time of delivery

A

False

They require social housing and husbandry practices

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4
Q

True or False

Irradiation of research animals is done only to eliminate certain types of cancer

A

False

Irradiation provides a method of inducing immunosuppression

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5
Q

True or False
A preimmunization blood sample should be collected to identify whether polyclonal antibodies are present before an antigen is injected

A

True

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6
Q

True or False
For adjuvants, small multiple-site injections are more favorable for producing an adequate antibody response and may be better tolerate than a single large injection

A

True

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7
Q

True or False

Some strains of inbred rodents have a high incidence of spontaneously developing naturally occurring cancers

A

True

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8
Q

_______ is the science of poisons and the harmful or noxious effects of these substances have on living organisms

A

Toxicology

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9
Q

How long should a subacute study last?

A

1 month

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10
Q

How long should a subchrinic study last?

A

3 months

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11
Q

How long should a chronic study last?

A

6 months to 1 year

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12
Q

A substance that damages a developing fetus is called a(n) _______

A

Teratogen

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13
Q

What segment in reproductive and developmental testing is a study examining the reproductive toxicity in male and female animals?

A

Segment I

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14
Q

What segment of reproductive and developmental testing is a study examining fetal toxicity?

A

Segment II

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15
Q

What segment of reproductive and developmental testing is a study examining toxicity in newborn pups?

A

Segment III

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16
Q

A substance that produces a fever in an animal is called a(n) ___________.

A

Pyrogen

17
Q

A(n) _________ induces the production of antibodies.

A

Antigen

18
Q

What is a vaccine?

A

Protects against an infectious disease and is a killed or attenuated form of the disease organism

19
Q

Multiple antibodies formed to a particular antigen are referred to as ________ antibodies.

A

Polyclonal

20
Q

Freund’s complete, Freund’s incomplete, Tiger-Max, and Alhydrogel are examples of _________.

A

Adjuvants

21
Q

Antibodies which recognize the same specific portion of an antigen are called ________ antibodies.

A

Monoclonal

22
Q

A combination of a cancer cell and an antibody-producing cell is a called a(n) _________.

A

Hybridoma

23
Q

The spread of cancer to other sites of the body is referred to as ________.

A

Metastasis

24
Q

What are the two classifications of animal cancer models?

A

1- induced disease

2- spontaneous disease

25
Q

What is a metabolism cage?

A

A cage that allows for the measurement of food and water intake and faces and urine output

26
Q

A(n) _______ apparatus is used to determine the proper placement of needles or cannula to inject o remove substances from the brain.

A

Stereotaxic

27
Q

Name the four types of bioimaging

A

1- ultrasound
2- magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
3- positron emission tomography (PET)
4- computed tomography (CT)