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LAT > Chapter 7: Anatomy & Physiology > Flashcards

Chapter 7: Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

True or False

Skin is a type of connective tissue

A

False

It is a type of epithelial tissue

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2
Q

True or False

The epiphysis is a specialized area at the ends of the long bones where growth occurs in young animals

A

True

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3
Q

True or False

Leukocytes safe the most Abundant type of blood cell

A

False

Erythrocytes are the most abundant type of blood cell

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4
Q

True or False

Thrombocytes are important in blood clotting

A

True

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5
Q

True or False

The heart lies in a thin sac of connective tissue called the myocardium

A

False

The sac is called pericardium

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6
Q

True or False

The blood vessels that deliver oxygen to the heart itself are termed the coronary arteries

A

True

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7
Q

True or False

The function of the lymph nodes is to filter and clean lymph fluid prior to its return to the heart

A

True

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8
Q

True or False

The autonomic nervous system controls or regulates involuntary bodily functions

A

True

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9
Q

True or False

Hormones are chemical substances that elicit specific responses in other body cells

A

True

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10
Q

True or False

The dermis is the outer layer of skin

A

False

The outer layer of skin is the epidermis

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11
Q

True or False

The skin has three types of glands; sebaceous, mucus, and sweat

A

True

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12
Q

What directional term means closer to the belly

A

Ventral

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13
Q

What directional term means away from the median plane

A

Lateral

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14
Q

What directional term means the side of the hind foot that contacts the ground when standing

A

Plantar

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15
Q

What directional term means closer to the tail

A

Caudal

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16
Q

What directional term means closer to the animal’s back

A

Dorsal

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17
Q

What are the 3 basic components of animal cells?

A

1- the cell membrane
2- the cytoplasm
3- the nucleus

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18
Q

Name the 4 tissue categories

A

1- epithelial and endothelial
2- connective
3- muscle
4- nerve

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19
Q

List the 5 types of bone

A 
1- long
2- short
3- flat
4- irregular
5- sesamoid
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20
Q

What are the 2 divisions of the skeletal system

A

1- axial

2- appendicular

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21
Q

What division of the skeletal system does the skull belong to?

A

Axial

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22
Q

What division of the skeletal system does the vertebrae belong to?

A

Axial

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23
Q

What division of the skeletal system does the scapulae belong to?

A

Appendicular

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24
Q

What division of the skeletal system does the clavicle belong to?

A

Appendicular

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25
Q

What division of the skeletal system does the ribs belong to?

A

Axial

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26
Q

What division of the skeletal system does the sternum belong to?

A

Axial

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27
Q

What division of the skeletal system does the humerus belong to?

A

Appendicular

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28
Q

What division of the skeletal system does the femur belong to?

A

Appendicular

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29
Q

What division of the skeletal system does the patella belong to?

A

Appendicular

30
Q

Name this 5 regions of the vertebral column

A 
1- cervical 
2- thoracic
3- lumbar 
4- sacral
5- coccygeal
31
Q

What term means moving a bone away from the midline of the body

A

Abduction

32
Q

What term means opening the joint (increases the angle)

A

Extension

33
Q

What term means moving toward the midline of the body

A

Addiction

34
Q

What term means a pivoting movement, such as turning the head from side to side

A

Rotation

35
Q

What term means bending or folding, such as the action of an elbow joint (decreases the angle)

A

Flexion

36
Q

What is muscle tone?

A

The slight contraction that is usually present in muscle

37
Q

Name the 3 classifications of muscle tissue

A

1- skeletal
2- cardiac
3- smooth

38
Q

The primary function of the circulatory system is to deliver _____ and _______ and remove _______ and ________ from the cells

A

Deliver : O2 & nutrients

Remove: CO2 & waste products

39
Q

What is the technical name for red blood cells

A

Erythrocytes

40
Q

What is the technical name for white blood cells

A

Leukocytes

41
Q

What type of blood cell number increas with parasitic infections

A

Eosinophils

42
Q

What type of blood cell performs phagocytosis and have a kidney-shaped nucleus

A

Monocytes

43
Q

What type of blood cell is rare in normal healthy animals, but numbers increase with inflammatory reactions

A

Basophils

44
Q

What type of blood cell contains three major types: T cells, B cells, and NK cells

A

Lymphocytes

45
Q

What type of blood cells perform phagocytosis and are a type of granulocyte

A

Neutrophils

46
Q

What are the three main types of blood vessels?

A

1- arteries
2- capillaries
3- veins

47
Q

The contraction phase of the heart is called _______. The relaxation phase of the heart is called _______.

A

Contraction: systole
Relaxation: diastole

48
Q

Where does blood go into the heart when it comes back from the body?

A

Right atrium

49
Q

After blood leaves the lungs, where does it go in the heart?

A

Left atrium

50
Q

What is respiration?

A

The process called that aids in the exchange of gases between an organism and its environment

51
Q

Contains the vocal cords

A

Larynx

52
Q

Where the exchange of gases occurs

A

Alveoli

53
Q

Each one of these structures leads to a lung

A

Bronchi

54
Q

Are encased in the visceral pleura

A

Lungs

55
Q

Has two openings and cilia to trap impurities from the air

A

Nose

56
Q

Composed of the sternum, ribs, and thoracic spine

A

Thorax

57
Q

A rigid tube that allows the passage of air

A

Trachea

58
Q

Both air and food pass through this structure

A

Pharynx

59
Q

What nutritional component provides energy to carry out bodily functions

A

Absorbed sugars and fats

60
Q

What nutritional component Provides raw materials to build protein for generating and repairing tissue

A

Amino acids

61
Q

What nutritional component forms bones and teeth, and are needed to complete enzymatic activities

A

Minerals

62
Q

What nutritional component is necessary to complete chemical reactions in the body

A

Vitamins

63
Q

What is homeostasis

A

Maintaining a constant internal environment

64
Q

Name the two subsystems of the nervous system and list what is found in each system

A

1- central nervous system: brain and spinal cord

2- peripheral nervous system: all nervous tissue excluding the brain and spinal cord

65
Q

What gland produces parathormore and regulates blood calcium concentration

A

Parathyroid

66
Q

What gland produces sex hormones

A

Go ad

67
Q

What gland secretes corticosteroids and produces epinephrine and norepinephrine

A

Adrenal

68
Q

What gland secretes insulin and glucagon

A

Pancreas

69
Q

What gland regulates growth, metabolism, and other endocrine glands

A

Pituitary

70
Q

What gland produces thyroxine and calcitonin

A

Thyroid

LAT (23 decks)

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