Chapter 8: Endocrine System Flashcards
Endocrine system is composed of what kind of glands? What do they do?
The endocrine system is composed of ductless glands which secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream
What is the Master Gland?
Pituitary
The pineal gland secretes what two hormones?
Melatonin, histamine
Where is the thyroid located in the body? Name a hormone it secretes and what it controls?
Thyroid is located at the base of the anterior neck. It secretes thyroxine and triiodothyroxine which regulate the metabolic rate. It also produces calcitonin, a hormone which decreases calcium and increases phosphate in the blood.
What hormones do the parathyroid glands secrete and what do they do?
The parathyroid glands secrete parathyroid hormone which increases calcium and decreases phosphate in the blood.
What hormones are synthesized by the adrenal glands? What do they do?
The adrenal cortex synthesizes steroid hormones (corticosteroids) including glucocorticoids, gonadocorticoids and mineralocorticoids. The adrenal medulla secretes norepinephrine and epinephrine in response to the sympathetic nervous system.
Which two hormones does the pancreas secrete?
Insulin and Glucagon
Diabetes is caused by…
Diabetes mellitus is caused by impaired insulin production by the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas.
Hypoglycemia is caused by…
Hypoglycemia is a condition of low blood glucose levels which can result from too much insulin
Key reflexes for diabetes?
Endocrine: Pancreas, Adrenals, Pituitary, Thyroid
Nervous: Brain, Solar plexus, Hypothalamus, Eyes
Urinary: Whole system
Digestive: Liver
Cardiovascular: Heart
Key reflexes for arthritis?
Immune & Lymphatic: Spleen, Thymus
Endocrine: Adrenals, Pituitary
Nervous: Hypothalamus, Solar Plexus
Digestive: Intestines, Liver
Cardiovascular: Heart
Reflex of affected area
