Chapter 11: Digestive System Flashcards
What is the function of the digestive system?
A system of absorption, assimilation and elimination
Name the structures of the digestive system.
Mouth, Upper/Lower Teeth, Esophagus/Pharynx, Stomach, Pancreas, Liver, Gallbladder, Duodenum, Small Intestine, Ileocecal Valve, Appendix, Ascending Colon, Hepatic Flexure, Transverse Colon, Splenic Flexure, Descending Colon, Sigmoid Flexure, Sigmoid Colon, Rectum, Anus
Esophagus reflex
It is in zone 1 on the plantar surface. It is in between the neck/shoulder ridge and the diaphragm. It starts at the web between the 1st and 2nd digit and circumscribes the pad below the big toe towards the diaphragm.
What does the stomach secrete to help digest food?
It secretes gastric juices including enzymes and hydrochloric acid which make the stomach contents very acidic.
What does the appendix do? Large intestine?
The appendix maintains the gut flora and has a role in immune function.
The large intestine/colon contains bacteria that produce vitamin K, some B vitamins and digests any remaining carbohydrates and amino acids. It absorbs water, electrolytes, vitamins and minerals from intestinal contents and eliminates undigested material by peristaltic action.
What does the ileocecal valve do?
Ileocecal valve controls the passage of chyme from the small intestine into the large intestine and prevents the backflow of fecal material.
Where is the liver located and how many functions does it have?
The liver is located in the right and part of the left upper quadrants of the abdomen. It lies beneath the diaphragm and is the body’s largest organ save for the skin. It performs over 600 functions.
What is the one digestive function of the liver?
Liver produces and secretes the fat emulsifier bile.
What does the gallbladder do?
The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile. It contracts to expel bile into the duodenum via the cystic duct and the common bile duct.
Where is the gallbladder reflex?
Zone 4 on the right foot in the upper abdominal horizontal section.
What does bile do?
Bile emulsifies fat, helps to absorb fat and cholesterol. It also lubricates the intestines and bowels.
Where is the pancreas reflex?
The pancreas reflex is found midway between the diaphragm reflex and waistline and covers zones 1-2 on the right foot and 1-5 on the left foot.
What kind of enzymes does the pancreas secrete? Name three?
Digestive enzymes. Protease, lipase, amylase, pancreatin
What reflexes would you work for constipation?
Digestive system: large intestine, small intestine, gallbladder, liver, ileocecal valve, rectum, anus
Nervous system: hypothalamus, solar plexus
Musculoskeletal: T4, L1, spine, diaphragm
Endocrine: pituitary, adrenals, thyroid
What reflexes would you work for peptic ulcers?
Digestive system: stomach, esophagus, duodenum, small intestine
Endocrine: adrenals, pituitary
Nervous: hypothalamus, solar plexus
Immune & Lymphatic: thymus, spleen
Musculoskeletal: diaphragm, T6/7, spine
