Chapter 10: Cardiovascular System

Question 1

What is the function of the cardiovascular system?

Answer 1

The cardiovascular system is responsible for transportation of nutrients into the cells and waste out of the cells. It interfaces with the respiratory system.

Question 2

What is the cardiovascular system composed of?

Answer 2

Heart, Lungs, Arteries, Veins, Capillaries, Blood, Pulmonary circulation, Portal circulation

Question 3

Describe the purpose of blood.

Answer 3

Blood is a specialized type of connective tissue. It is a transport system that delivers oxygen, hormones and nutrients to body cells and removes waste and carbon dioxide.

Question 4

What is venous flow dependent on?

Answer 4

Venous flow is dependent on adjacent muscular activity, pressure changes in the thorax from breathing and unidirectional valves which prevent backflow.

Question 5

Describe pulmonary circulation.

Answer 5

Pulmonary circulation is the circuit of blood vessels that runs from the heart to the lungs and back.
Right ventricle to Pulmonary arteries to P. Arterioles to alveolar capillaries to Pulmonary venules to P. Veins to Left atrium

Question 6

Describe portal circulation.

Answer 6

Portal circulation is a shunt system of blood vessels that runs from digestive organs to the liver before re-entering general circulation.

Question 7

What reflexes would you work for heart conditions?

Answer 7

Cardiovascular system: Heart (system of origin and key reflex)

Endocrine: Pituitary, Adrenals, Thyroid/parathyroid
Musculoskeletal: Spine, T2/3/5, diaphragm, chest/breast/lungs/ribs, shoulder, arm
Nervous: Solar Plexus, Hypothalamus

Question 8

What reflexes would you work for hemorrhoids?

Answer 8

Cardiovascular system: Heart, Hemorrhoid horseshoe

Digestive: Large intestine, Gallbladder, Liver, Ileocecal valve, Rectum, Anus
Endocrine: Adrenals, Pituitary, Thyroid
Nervous: Hypothalamus, Solar plexus
Musculoskeletal: Coccyx, T5, L1, Spine

Question 9

What reflexes would you work for hypertension?

Answer 9

Cardiovascular: Heart

Nervous: Solar plexus, Hypothalamus, Head, Brain
Endocrine: Pituitary, Adrenals, Thyroid
Musculoskeletal: C1/C6, Spine, Diaphragm
Urinary: Kidneys (for drug side effects)
Digestive: Liver

Question 10

What reflexes would you work for anemia?

Answer 10

Cardiovascular: Heart

Digestive: Liver
Immune & Lymphatic: Spleen
Respiratory: Bronchi, Lungs
Urinary: whole system
Musculoskeletal: T2/3/5, spine, Diaphragm