Chapter 8 appendicular skeleton Flashcards
Bones of the humerus anterior - gt, lt, is (g), h. an .sn dt, b (s) rf, le, c cf, me, t
posterior
h, an, sn, gt
rg
me, of, le
sn - f rg - crn dt - aotdm c - r t - u rf - r cf - u
Anterior - greater tubercle, lesser tubercle, interbercular sulcus (groove), head, anatomical neck, surgical neck
deltoid tuberosity, bone (shaft),
radial fossa, lateral epicondyle, capitulum
coronoid fossa, medial epicondyle, trochlea
Posterior - head anatomical neck, surgical neck, greater tubercle, radial groove,
medial epicondyle, olecranon fossa, lateral epicondyle
Surgical neck - fracture radial groove contains radial nerve deltoid tuberosity - articulate tendon deltoid muscle capitulum - radius trochlea - ulna radial fossa - radius coronoid fossa - ulna
Ulna tn - tohtmej cp ut un h sp - aww o horfirnou
Trochlear notch - trochlear of humerous to make elbow joint coranoid process ulnar tuberosity ulnar notch head styloid process - articulate with wrist olecranon -
head of radius fits into radial notch of ulna
Radius hawcoharnou rt - tobbmi sp it padrj
Head - articulates with capitulum of humerus and radial notch of ulna
radial tuberosity - tendons of biceps brachii muscle insertion
styloid process
interosseous tissue
proximal and distal radioulnar joint
Hand bones (carpal)
8 carpal bone wrist
5 metacarpal palm bone
14 phalanges
Skeleton of hand
8 small bones
proximal - sitp
distal - ttch
proximal - she is too pretty (scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform)
distal - try to catch her (trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate)
Hand articulation
scaphoid and lunate - distal end of radius
trapezium and trapezoid - metacarpal 1 and 2
hamate - 4 and 5
capitate - 3
5 phalanges (pollex, index, middle, ring, little) base. shaft, and head - articulate with proximal of phalanges
Joint between hands
joint between radius and carpal is radiocarpal
joint between carpal and metacarpal is carpo-metacarpal
joint between metacarpal and phalanges is metacarpophanlges
joints between fingers is interphalangeal joint
14 bones in phanalges
Supination and pronation of forearm
supination
palm anteriorly
radius and ulna parallel
supinator
pronation
palm posterior
pronator teres
pronator quadratus
Muscles of arm that move elbowjoint
anterior - flexors
bicep brachii
brachialis
brachioradialis
posterior - extensors
triceps brachii
anconeous
Muscles that move forearm at elbow
flexor
biceps brachii - flex forearm at elbow joint
brachialis - deeper to biceps
brachioradialis - flex forearm elbow joint, supination and pronation
extensors - returns body parts to normal anatomical position
Anterior compartment
briceps brachii
o - long head - tubercle of scapula
short head - coracoid process of scapula
i - radial tuberosity
brachialis
o - distal ant. surface of humerous
i - ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process of ulna
Brachioradialis
o - lateral border of distal end of humerous
i - styloid process of radius
Posterior compartment
extensor
anconeus - extends elbow
o - lateral epicondyle of humerous
i - olecranon of ulna
triceps brachii
o - long head - tubercle of scapula
lateral head = post surface of humerous above radial groove
medial head - entire surface of humerous to groove
i - olecranon of ulna
Forearm muscles that move wrist joint, hands and fingers
Anterior compartment, extrinsic and flexor muslces
flex the wirst, metacrop-phanalgeal (mp) and inter-phalangeal (ip) joints
move hand wrist and fingers
pronator teres
flexor carpi radialis
palmaris longus
flexor carpi ulnaris
originates at medial epicondyle of humerous
Forearms that move the wrist joint hands and fingers
posterior
posterior compartment (extensor muscles) originates on lateral epicondyle of humerus via a common extensor
forearm muscles that extend the wrist, metacarpo-phenagles and interphalangeal joints
wrist and finger extensors
superficial and deep layers
Intrisic muscles of hand
thenar hypothenar and mid palmer
thenar - base of thumb
hypothenar - base of little finger
mid palmer - between first two groups
Intrinsic muscles
thenar
flexor pollicis brevis - flexes thumb at carpometacarpal
adductor pollicis brevis - adduct thumb at carpometacarpal joint
opponens pollicis - move thumb across palm to meet any finger
hypothenar
flexor digiti minimi brevis - flexis little finger at carpometacarpal and mp joint
abductor digiti minimi - abduct and flexes finger mp joints
opponens digiti minimi - move little finger across palm to meet thumb
mid palmer
lumbrical muscles - flex mp and extend pip and dip joints of fingers 2-5
dorsal interossei muscles - flex mp and extend pip and dip joints of fingers 2-5
organization of spinal nerves
dorsal root - group of axon carries sensory info from spinal cord to body (sensory axon)
ventral rootlets - form together to form ventral root (anterior) (motor axon) - carries info from skeletal muscles to spinal cord
spinal nerve - combonation of sensory and motor axon or mixed nerve
Plexus
axons from anterior rami of spinal nerves form a network on both left and right of body by joining various numbers of axons
Location of brachial plexus
c5 - t1
c5 c6 c7 c8 t1
5 major nerves of brachial plexus
axillary nerve - deltoid, teres minor, superio posterior aspect of arm
median nerve - mid palmer region, tip of finger, fingers 1, 2, 3, and half of ring finger
musculocutaneous nerve - anterior muscles of the arm (coracobrachialis, biceps brachii and brachialis)
Radial nerve - posterior aspects of arm and forearm 2/3 of dorsum of hand and fingers (pinky and half of ring finger and finger tips)
ulnar nerve - anteriomedial muscles of the forearm
Blood supply arteries
Arch of aorta brachiocephalic trunk right common crotid right subclavian right axillary right branchial right radial right ulna right deep palmer arch right superficial palmer arch right palmer metacarpal right common palmar digital right proper palmer digital
veins
down to top palmar digital palmar venous plexus median antebrachial cephalic basilic acessory cephalic median cubital axillary branchiocephalic superior vena cava
Superficial deep veins 2
superior - cephalic and basilic vein
deep - radial vein and ulnar vein
