Chapter 3 tissues Flashcards
Epithelial tissue
cbs
lho,bc,d,
fg
covers body surfaces
lines hollow organs, body cavities, ducts
forms glands
Connective tissue
p,sbao
bot
sersaf,p
protection, supports body and organs
binds organs together
stores energy reserves such as fat, provides immunity
Muscular tissue
gffm
gbh
generates force for movement
generates body heat
Nervous
dcia
r,i&tni(s..)
amcags
detects changes in a variety of conditions
responds, initiates & transmits nerve impulses (signals) to control and coordinate body activities
activates muscle contractions and glandular secretion
Sse (asotl) - ut, bl, cn, asoe sce (k) sce (l) pe(rt) sse(e)
simple squamous epithelium (air sacs of the lungs) - underlying tissue, basal lamina, cell nuclei, apical surface of epithelium
simple cuboidal epithelium (kidney)
simple columnar epithelium (lungs)
pseudostratified epithelium (respiratory tract)
stratified squamous epithelium (esophagus)
Tight junctions
sotpft
sopwbac
ptposbc a cotoflib
Location
s,i,u
i
strands of transmembrane proteins fuse together
seal off passage ways between adjacent cells
prevent the passage of substances between cells & the contents of the organs from leaking into blood
stomach. intestine, urinary bladder
impermeable
Adherens junctions tp, (dp), ajtc aatpftos aaab hrsdvc
location
tloi(dfm)
p
transmembrane proteins (dense proteins) adherens join cells
adheren attach to plaque from opposite side of the membrane
acts as a belt to encircle the cell
helps resist separation during various contractile activity in tissue
the lining of intestine (during food movement)
permeable
Desmosomes
p&tga
ifad
pecfs
location
olos(e)&cm
plaque & transmembrane glycoprotein attach neighboring cells
intermediate filaments attaches desmosome/tissue together
prevent epidermal cells from separating under tension in the skin and heart
outer layer of skin (epidermis) and cardiac muscle cells in heart
Gap junctions mp, cftffc, ccnc masbic/s actc spfn&mi
locations
l,c,n&m,gt&u
membrane protein, connexins from tiny fluid-filled channels, connexons connect neighboring cells
membranes are separated by intracellular cleft/space
allows cells to communicate
serve passage for never & muscle impulses among cells
lens, cornea, nerves and muscles, gastrointestinal tract and uterus
Structure of epithelial cell as (t) ls (ib bs e (whole thing) bm av
Apical surface (top) lateral surface in between basal surface epithelium basement membrane avascular no blood supply
Simple squamous epithelium
description
sl, soft, f, nlac
Location and function
e - h,b,l
m - p,p,p
asof, (b) (d,ge)
cok (f)
tme (s)
single layers, squashed or floor tile, flat, nucleus is located at center
endothelium - heart, blood vessels, lymphatic linings
mesothelium - pericardium, peritoneum, pleura
air sacs of lungs, (bowmans) (diffusion, gas exchange)
capsule of kidney (filteration)
tympanic membrane eardrum (secretion)
Simple cuboidal epithelium
description
cac - edo4s
sl - nlc
location o loe kt gl t dosg p
function
s
a
cells are cubic - equal diameter on 4 corners
single layer - nucleus located at center
surface of ovaries capsule lens of eye kidney tubule glands like thyroid ducts of some glands pancreas
secretion
absorption
Nonciliated simple columnar epithelium
description
t, l, nie
cm, g,
location
git (sa)
dog
g
function
s
a
ssm
taller, longer, nucleus is elongated
contains microvilli, globlet cells,
gastrointestinal tract (stomach to anus)
ducts of glands
gallbladder
secretion
absorption
secrete sticky mucus
Ciliated simple columnar epithelium
description
t,l,ne
gc
c
location b u(f) u ps cns vob
function
mslofotft
mmptt
tall, long, nucleus is elongated
goblet cells
cilia
bronchioles uterine (fallopian) uterus paranasal sinuses central canal spinal cord ventricle of brain
move substances like oocytes from ovaries to fallopian tube
moves mucus and particles toward throat
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
description nilavl lmlbin c g
location aourt ldog e mu
function
mtp
a
p
Nucleus is located at various levels
looks like multi layer but its not hence pseudo
cilia
goblet
airways of upper respiratory tract
large ducts of glands
epididymis
male urethra
mucus traps particles
absorption
protection
Keratinized vs non
pfc (s)
h
Simple epithelium s a d f
stratified epithelium
p
ss
protection from chemicals (skin)
heat
secretion
absorption
diffusion
filteration
protect
some secretion
NOW STRATIFIED
YE
Stratified squamous
description mt23l s-e ck s-f m-cc vlcbsmpu
location
k-fslos
n-ws, m,e,e,p,v,t
function
p
w
r
more than 20-30 layers skin - epidermis contain keratinocytes superficial skin - flat middle - cuboidal or columnar layer at vessel level because they are close to blood supply they multiply and push upward
keratinized - form superficial layer of skin
non - wet surface - mouth, esophagus, epiglottis, pharynx, vagina, tongue
protection, water loss, radiation
Stratified cuboidal
description
2ml
cs
location
sg
eg
mu
function
p
ls
a
2 or more layers
cube
sweat gland
esophegal gland
male uretrha
protection
limited secretion
absorption
Stratified columnar epithelium
description
s
i
c
location u dog - e amm coe
function
p
s
short
irregular
columnar
urethra
ducts of glands - esophegeal
anal mucus membrane
conjunctiva of eye
p
s
Transitional epithelium
description
wrllsce
wsbflsse
location
u,u,u
function
uots
hf
p
when relaxed it looks like stratified cuboidal epithelium
when stretched it becomes flat like stratified simple squamous
stretches
urinary bladder, uterus, urethra
urinary organ to stretch
hold fluid
protects
Merocine/eccrine
dos
sap
duct onto surface
salivary and pancreas
Apocrine
dos
m(m)
ssg
duct onto surface
mammary (milk)
some sweat glands
Difference between connective and epithelial tissue epithelial mctp a lonem fslncbt g bv bc
connective loem ssc v (ec&t) ns (ec) b -s b - l c -ss
many cells tightly packed avascular little or no extracellular material form surface layer not covered by tissue glands blood vessels body cavities
lots of extracellular material separates scattered cells vascular except cartilage and tendons nerve supply (except cartilage) bones - solid blood -liquid cartilage - semi solid
Areolar connective
desciption
c,e,r
f,m,p,a,m,w
location
wd, sl, dos, mm, bv, n, bo, pm
function s,e,s
collagen
elastic
reticular
fibroblast macrophages plasma adipocytes mast white blood cells
widely distributed subcutaneous layer dermis of skin mucous membrane blood vessels nerves body organ packing material
strength, elasticity, support
Adipose tissue
description wat bat (i) hbt a sft bt,cnpp
location act sldts h k b aj bees
function rhlts er s p
white adipose tissue
brown adipose tissue (infant) generates heat for body temp
adipocyte
storage for triglycerides
big triglycerides, cytoplasm nucleus pushed peiphery
areolar connective tissue subcutaneous layer deep to skin heart kidneys bonemarrow around joints behind eyeball eye socket
reduce heat loss through skin
energy reserve
support
protect
Reticular connective
description
rf (tcf)
rc
location sol s ln rbm rl bv m
function soo bsmtc fwobcis miln
reticular fibers (thin collagen fibers) reticular cells
stroma of liver spleen lymph nodes red bone marrow reticular lamina blood vessels muscles
stroma of organs
binds smooth muscle tissue cells
filter warn out blood cells in spleen
microbes in lymph nodes
Dense regular
description emlsaw cfaibwf cfnl talfbvshs
location
t (mtb)
l (btb)
a (mtm or mtb)
function
sa
swp
extracellular material looks shiny and white
collagen fibers arranged in bundles with fibroblast
collagen fibers not living
tendons and ligaments few blood vessels so heals slow
tendons (muscle to bone)
ligaments (bone to bone)
aponeuroses (muscle to muscle or muscle to bone)
strong attachment
structure withstands pulling
Dense irregular
description
tp
wmia
p
location f (tbs) dos fpoh pob poc jc mc (k,l,t,ln) hv
function
t (p)
s
tightly packed
woven mesh irregularly arranged
perichondrium
fasciae (tissue beneath skin) dermis of skin fibrous paricardium of heat periosteum of bone perichondrium of cartilage joint capsule membrane capsules (kidney, liver, testes, lymph nodes) heart valves
tensile (pulling)
strength
Elastic connective
elastic fibers with fibroblast
yellowish
lung tissue elastic arteries tanchea bronchiole tubes vocal cords penis vertebrae
allows stretching
strong
recoil to original shape
Hyaline cartilage
description gags ss fil SBP
location maib eolb aeor n l t bat efs
function ssfmaj f s w
gel as ground substance
shiny substance
found in lucanae
SURROUNDED BY PERICHONDRIUM
most abundant in body end of long bones anterior end of ribs nose larynx tranchea bronchi and tubes embryonic fetal skeleton
smooth surface for muscle and joints
flexibility
support
weak
Fibrocartilage
description
ciem
LP
location ps (pwhja) id (dbv) m (cp) ok ttiic
function
sajst
sr
s
chondrocytes in extracellular matrix
LACKS PERICHONDRIUM
pubic symphysis (point where hips join anteriorly) intervetebral disc (disc between vertebrae) menisci (cartilage pads) of knee tendons that insert into cartilage
support and join structures together
strength rigid
strongest
Elastic cartilage
description
efiem
HP
location
l (e)
ee
a (e) t
function
s
e
ms
elastic fibers in extracellular matrix
HAS PERICHONDRIUM
larynx (epiglottis)
external ear
auditory (eustachian) tubes
strength
elasticity
maintain shape
