Chapter 8 Flashcards
where does photosynthesis take place?
in the leaves of plants, in chlorophyll in chloroplasts
what happens during photosynthesis?
energy from the light is used to turn carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen
what is the equation for photosynthesis?
carbon dioxide + water -(light)-> glucose + oxygen
chemical formula for glucose
C6 H12 O6
is photosynthesis an endo or exo thermic reaction?
endothermic
why is photosynthesis an endothermic reaction?
it requires energy to break the bonds between the CO2 and H20
how are leaves adapted for photosynthesis? (5)
large SA
very thin
chlorophyll in the chloroplasts on the upper side of leaf
veins to give the cells nutrients they need and to remove waste products
air spaces allow CO2 to reach all cells
why would a photosynthesising leaf turn iodine blue black?
starch is made up of simple sugars like glucose
relationship between starch and glucose?
carbohydrates like starch are made up of simple sugars like glucose
limiting factors of photosynthesis (3)
light
temperature
CO2 concentration
how is light a limiting factor of photosynthesis
when there is no light, the cells can’t get the energy they need to turn the reactants into products
how is temperature a limiting factor of photosynthesis?
an increase of temperature will increase the rate of reaction
photosynthesis is controlled by enzymes so a very high temperature will denature them
how is carbon dioxide a limiting factor for photosynthesis?
plants need CO2 for photosynthesis
too little CO2 means photosynthesis can’t take place
when is CO2 a limiting factor and why?
in the day
at night plants respire but don’t photosynthesise = more CO2
in the day, plants photosynthesise and respire = less CO2
why is chlorosis so bad for plants?
the yellow colour means there is no chlorophyll for photosynthesis so the plant can’t grow and therefore dies
how do plants use glucose?
to make cellulose for strong cell walls to get stored as starch to get stored in seeds to get stored as lipids to make protein
why is it better to store glucose as starch?
glucose is soluble in water, meaning it affects the water concentration and therefore osmosis
where is starch stored?
roots, stem and leaves
how do plants turn sugars into proteins
they combine the sugars with nitrate ions and other nutrients in the soil
why can only certain plants, like venus fly traps, live in bogs?
there is no nitrate ions to be turned into protein for growth, so they get it from animals they eat
how do greenhouses effect photosynthesis? (2)
they are warm so the process speeds up
the owner can control everything
what is hydroponics?
when plants are grown in a solution with optimum nutrients
what is different about hydroponics rather than a greenhouse?
in hydroponics, you can control everything
How to algae get CO2
Absorb it from the water surrounding them
