Chapter 8 Flashcards
Anastomosis
Surgical connection between two hollow or tubular structures
Anorexia nervosa
Eating disorder characterized by false perception of body appearance that leads to refusal to maintain normal body weight
Antiemetic
Medication administered to prevent or relieve nausea and vomiting
Aphthous ulcers
Gray white pits with a red border in the soft tissue lining of the mouth
Ascites
Abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in peritoneal cavity
Bariatrics
Branch of medication for prevention and control of obesity and associated diseases
Borborygmus
Rumbling noise caused by movement of gas in the intestine
Bulimia nervosa
Eating disorder characterized by frequent episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors such as self-induced vomiting
Cachexia
Physical wasting away due to loss in weight and muscle mass that occurs in patients with diseases such as advanced cancer or AIDS
Cheilosis
disorder of the lips characterized by crack like sores at corners of the mouth
Cholangiography
Radiographic examination of bile ducts with use of a contrast medium
Cholangitis
An acute inflammation of the bile duct characterized by pain in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen fever jaundice
Cholecysectomy
Surgical removal of the gallbladder
Cholecytitis
Inflammation of the gallbladder that is usually associated with gallstones
Choledocholithotomy
Incision in the common bile duct for removal of gallstones
Cholelithiasis
Presence of gallstones in gallbladder or bile ducts
Cirrhosis
Chronic degenerative disease of liver characterized by scarring
Colonoscopy
Direct visual examination of inner surface of colon from rectum to cecum
Crohn’s disease
Chronic autoimmune disorder that can occur anywhere in digestive tract
Diverticulitis
Inflammation of one or more diverticula in the wall of colon
Diverticulosis
Chronic presence of an abnormal number of diverticula in the wall of the colon
Dyspepsia
Pain or discomfort in digestion
Dysphagia
Difficulty in swallowing
Emesis
Reflex ejection of stomach contents outward through mouth
Enteritis
Inflammation of small intestines caused by eating or drinking substances contaminated with viral or bacterial pathogens
Eructation
The act of belching or raising gas orally from stomach
Esophageal varices
Enlarged and swollen veins at lower end of esophagus
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
Endoscopic examination of upper G.I. Tract
Gastroduodenostomy
Establishment of an anastomosis between the upper portion of the stomach and duodenum
Gastroesophageal reflux disease
Upward flow of acid from stomach into esophagus
Gastrostomy tube
Surgically placed feeding tube from exterior of body directly into stomach
Hematemesis
Vomiting of blood
Hemoccult test
Laboratory test for hidden blood in stools
Hepatitis
Inflammation of liver
Herpes labialis
Blister like sores on lips caused by HSV-1
Hiatal hernia
Protrusion of part of stomach through an opening in the diaphragm
Hyperemesis
Extreme persistent vomiting that can cause dehydration
Ileus
Partial/complete blockage of small and/or large intestine
Inguinal hernia
Protrusion of small loop of bowel through weak place in the lower abdominal wall or groin
Jaundice
Yellow discoloration of skin mucous membranes and eyes
Melena
Passage of black, tarry, foul-smelling stools
Morbid obesity
Condition of weighing two or more times the ideal weight or having a body mass index greater than 40
Nasogastric intubation
Placement of a tube through the nose into stomach
Proctopexy
Surgical fixation of a prolapsed rectum to an adjacent tissue or organ
Obesity
Excessive accumulation of fat in the body
Regurgitation
Return of solid food into the mouth
Salmonellosis
Infectious disease transmitted by feces either through direct contact or by eating raw/undercooked food
Sigmoidoscopy
Endoscopic examination of interior of rectum, sigmoid colon, and possibly portion of descending colon
Trismus
Any restriction to the opening of the mouth, caused by trauma, surgery, or radiation associated with treatment of oral cancer
Ulcerative colitis
Chronic condition of unknown cause in which repeated episodes of inflammation in the rectum and large intestine cause ulcers and irritation
Volvulus
Twisting of the Intestine on itself, causing an obstruction
Xerostomia
Lack of adequate saliva due to diminished secretions by salivary glands
Aerophagia
Excessive swallowing of air while eating or drinking
