Chapter 4

Question 1

Adduction

Answer 1

Movement of a limb toward midline of body

Question 2

Adhesion

Answer 2

A bond of fibrous that holds structures together abnormally

Question 3

Ataxia

Answer 3

Lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movement

Question 4

Atonic

Answer 4

Lacking normal muscle tone or strength

Question 5

Bradykinesia

Answer 5

Extreme slowness in movement

Question 6

Atrophy

Answer 6

Weakness or wearing away of body tissues and structures caused by pathology/disuse over long period of time

Question 7

Carpal tunnel syndrome

Answer 7

Swelling that creates pressure in the median nerve as it passes thru the carpal tunnel

Question 8

Chronic fatigue syndrome

Answer 8

Disorder of unknown cause affecting many body systems w symptoms of similar to those of fibromyalgia syndrome

Question 9

Circumduction

Answer 9

Circular movement at far end of a limb

Question 10

Contracture

Answer 10

Permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or skin that occurs when normally elastic connective tissues are replaced w fibrous ones

Question 11

Dorsiflexion

Answer 11

Movement that bends foot upward at ankle

Question 12

Dyskinesia

Answer 12

Distortion or impairment of voluntary movement

Question 13

Electromyography

Answer 13

Diagnostic test tht measures electrical activity within muscle fibers in response to nerve stimulation

Question 14

Electroneuromyography

Answer 14

Tests and records neurmuscular activity by electric stimulation of nerve trunk that carries fibers to and from muscle

Question 15

Epicondylitis

Answer 15

Inflammation of tissues surrounding elbow

Question 16

Ergonomics

Answer 16

Study of human factors tht affect the design and operation of tools in the work environment

Question 17

Exercise physiologist

Answer 17

Specialist who works under supervision of a physician to develop, implement, coordinate

Question 18

Fasciitis

Answer 18

Inflammation of a fascia

Question 19

Fibromyalgia

Answer 19

Debilitating chronic condition characterized by fatigue, muscle, joint or bone pain, or others

Question 20

Ganglion cyst

Answer 20

Harmless fluid filled swelling that occurs most commonly on outer surface of wrist

Question 21

Heel spur

Answer 21

Calcium deposit in the plantar fascia near its attachment to heel

Question 22

Hemiparesis

Answer 22

Slight paralysis or weakness affecting one side of body

Question 23

Hemiplegia

Answer 23

Total paralysis affecting one side of body

Question 24

Hyperkinesia

Answer 24

Abnormally increased muscle function or activity

Question 25

Hypertonia

Answer 25

Na

Question 26

Impingement syndrome

Answer 26

Inflammation of tendons tht get caught in narrow space between bones within shoulder joint

Question 27

Intermittent claudication

Answer 27

Pain in leg muscles tht occurs during exercise and is relieved by rest

Question 28

Muscular dystrophy

Answer 28

Group of more than thirty genetic diseases tht include progressive weakness and degeneration if skeletal muscles w/o affecting nervous system

Question 29

Myasthenia gravis

Answer 29

Chronic autoimmune disorder tht affects neuromuscular junction and produces serious weakness of voluntary muscles

Question 30

Myocele

Answer 30

Herniation of muscle substance thru a tear in the fascia surrounding it

Question 31

Myoclonus

Answer 31

Sudden involuntary jerking of a muscle group or muscles

Question 32

Myofascial

Answer 32

Specialized sift tissue manipulation technique used to ease the pain of conditions such as fibromyalgia, myofascial pain syndrome, movement restrictions, carpal tunnel…

Question 33

Myolysis

Answer 33

Degeneration of muscle tissue

Question 34

Myoparesis

Answer 34

Weakness or slight muscular paralysis

Question 35

Myorrhaphy

Answer 35

Surgical suturing of a muscle

Question 36

Myotonia

Answer 36

Na

Question 37

Nocturnal myoclonus

Answer 37

Jerking of limbs tht can occur normally as a person is falling asleep

Question 38

Oblique

Answer 38

Slanted or at an angle

Question 39

Paralysis

Answer 39

Loss of sensation and voluntary muscle movement in muscle thru disease/injury to its nerve supply

Question 40

Paraplegia

Answer 40

Paralysis of both legs and lower part of body

Question 41

Physiatrist

Answer 41

Physician who specializes in physical medicine/rehab w focus of restoring function

Question 42

Plantar fasciitis

Answer 42

Inflammation of plantar fascia causing foot or heel pain when walking or running

Question 43

Polymyositis

Answer 43

Muscle disease characterized by simultaneous inflammation and weakening of voluntary muscles in many parts of body

Question 44

Pronation

Answer 44

Act of rotating arm/leg so palm/sole is turned downward/backward

Question 45

Quadriplegia

Answer 45

Paralysis of all four extremities

Question 46

Sarcopenia

Answer 46

Loss of muscle mass, strength, and function tht comes w aging

Question 47

Shin splint

Answer 47

Pain caused by muscle tearing away from tibia

Question 48

Singultus

Answer 48

Myoclonus of the diaphragm that causes characteristic hiccup sound w each spasm

Question 49

Spasmodic torticollic

Answer 49

Stiff neck due to spasmodic contraction of neck muscles that pull head toward affected side

Question 50

Sphinctor

Answer 50

Ring-like muscle that tightly constricts the opening of a passageway

Question 51

Sprain

Answer 51

Injury to a joint tht usually involves a wrenched or torn ligament

Question 52

Tenodesis

Answer 52

Surgical suturing of end of a tendon to bone

Question 53

Tendynia

Answer 53

Na

Question 54

Tenolysis

Answer 54

Release of a tendon from adhesions

Question 55

Tenorrhaphy

Answer 55

Surgical suturing of the divided ends of a tendon

Question 56

Abduction

Answer 56

Movement of a limb away from midline of body