chapter 8 Flashcards
what is metallic bonding?
strong electrostatic attraction between metal cations and delocalised electrons
what are the properties of metals?
high electrical conductivity when solid and molten
high melting and boiling points
insoluble
what is the structure of simple molecular lattices?
strong covalent bonds between atoms in molecules
weak intermolecular forces between molecules
what is the structure of giant covalent lattices?
atoms held together by network of strong covalent bonds
whats the test for carbonates?
add dilute nitric acid
carbonates react to form CO2
if presents then bubbles of gas form
whats the test for sulfates?
add barium nitrate
white precipitate forms (barium sulfate)
what is the test for halide ions?
add silver nitrate solution
what are the positive results for the halide test?
chlorine - white
bromine - cream
iodine - yellow
what halide ion is soluble in dilute ammonia?
chlorine
what halide ion is soluble in concentrated ammonia?
bromine
what halide ion is not soluble in any ammonia?
iodine
what is the order of tests to do?
carbonate
sulfate
halides
(silver carbonate or silver sulfate can form)
what is the test for ammonia?
add aqueous sodium hydroxide
test gas released with moist pH paper
paper will turn blue
what happens down the group for metal hydroxides (group 2)?
increases solubility
pH/alkalinity increases
what is the trend down the group for halogens?
reactivity decreases
boiling point increases (increased strength of londons forces due to more electrons