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Medical Terminology pt 2 > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

amni/o

A

amnion (amniotic sac)

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2
Q

cervic/o

A

neck; cervix uteri (neck of the uterus)

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3
Q

colp/o

A

vagina

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4
Q

vagin/o

A

vagina

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5
Q

galact/o

A

milk

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6
Q

lact/o

A

milk

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7
Q

gynec/o

A

woman, female

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8
Q

hyster/o

A

uterus (womb)

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9
Q

uter/o

A

uterus (womb)

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10
Q

mamm/o

A

breast

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11
Q

mast/o

A

breast

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12
Q

men/o

A

menses, menstruation

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13
Q

metr/o

A

uterus (womb); measure

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14
Q

nat/o

A

birth

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15
Q

oophor/o

A

ovary

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16
Q

ovari/o

A

ovary

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17
Q

perine/o

A

perineum

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18
Q

salping/o

A

tube (usually fallopian or eustachian [auditory] tubes)

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19
Q

vulv/o

A

vulva

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20
Q

episi/o

A

vulva

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21
Q

-arche

A

beginning

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22
Q

-gravida

A

pregnant woman

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23
Q

-para

A

to bear (offspring)

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24
Q

-saplinx

A

tube (usually fallopian or eustachian [auditory] tubes)

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25
Q

-tocia

A

childbirth, labor

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26
Q

-version

A

turning

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27
Q

primi-

A

first

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28
Q

instrument used to scrape the endometrium is a

A

curet

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29
Q

instrument used to measure the uterus and prevent perforation during dilation is called a

A

uterine sound

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30
Q

what is a fistula

A

an abnormal passage from one epithelial surface to another

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31
Q

men/o/rrhea is

A

the flow of the menses

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32
Q

PID means

A

pelvic inflammatory disease

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33
Q

andr/o

A

male

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34
Q

balan/o

A

glans penis

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35
Q

gonad/o

A

gonads, sex glands

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36
Q

orch/o

A

testis (plural, testes)

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37
Q

orchi/o

A

testis

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38
Q

orchid/o

A

testis

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39
Q

test/o

A

testis

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40
Q

prostat/o

A

prostate gland

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41
Q

spermat/o

A

spermatozoa, sperm cells

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42
Q

sperm/i*

A

spermatozoa, sperm cells

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43
Q

sperm/o

A

spermatozoa, sperm cells

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44
Q

varic/o

A

dilated vein

45
Q

vas/o

A

vessel; vas deferens; duct

46
Q

-plasia

A

formation, growth

47
Q

-trophy

A

development, nourishment

48
Q

BPH is

A

benign prostatic hyperplasia or hypertrophy

49
Q

TURP is a

A

transurethral resection of the prostate performed by resectoscope

50
Q

PSA is

A

prostate specific antigen tests for prostate abnormalities

51
Q

hydro-

A

water

52
Q

patency is the

A

state of being open

53
Q

antifungals

A

treat vaginal fungal infection, such as candidiasis

54
Q

estrogens

A

treat symptoms of menopause (hot flashes, vaginal dryness) through HRT

55
Q

contraceptives

A

prevent ovulation to avoid pregnancy

56
Q

oxytocics

A

induce labor at term by increasing the strength and frequency of uterine contractions

57
Q

spermicides

A

destroy sperm by creating a highly acidic environment in the uterus

58
Q

erectile agents

A

treat erectile dysfunction (impotence) by increasing blood flow to the penis, resulting in an erection

59
Q

gonadotropins

A

increase sperm count in infertility cases

60
Q

lapar/o

A

abdomen

61
Q

what is candidiasis

A

vaginal infection caused by Candida albicans, curdy cheeselike discharge and extreme itching

62
Q

cervical cancer

A

malignancy that occurs in the lower part of the uterus (associated with HPV) an STI

63
Q

ectopic pregnancy

A

implantation of the fertilized ovum outside of the uterine cavity, such as a fallopian tube, an ovary, the abdomen, or the cervix uteri

64
Q

endometriosis

A

painful disorder in which tissue that normally lines inside of the uterus (endometrium) grows outside the uterine cavity

65
Q

fibroid

A

benign neoplasm in the uterus that is composed largely of fibrous tissue; called leiomyoma

66
Q

gestational hypertension

A

potentially life threatening disorder that usually develops after the 20th week of pregnancy and is characterized by edema and proteinuria

67
Q

preeclampsia

A

nonconvulsive form of gestational hypertension, which, if left untreated, progresses to eclampsia

68
Q

eclampsia

A

convulsive form of gestational hypertension that is a medical emergency that is life threatening to mother and baby

69
Q

leukorrhea

A

white discharge from the vagina

70
Q

sterility

A

inability of a woman to become pregnant or for a man to impregnate a woman

71
Q

toxic shock syndrome

A

infection in menstruating women, who use vaginal tampons

72
Q

anorchism

A

congenital absence of one or both testes

73
Q

balanitis

A

inflammation of the skin covering the glans penis

74
Q

cryptorchism

A

failure of one or both testicles to descend into the scroptum

75
Q

epispadias

A

congenital defect in which the urethra opens on the upper side of the penis near the glans penis instead of the tip

76
Q

hypospadias

A

congenital defect in which the male urethra opens on the undersurface of the penis instead of the tip

77
Q

impotence

A

inability of a man to achieve or maintain a penile erection; ED

78
Q

phimosis

A

stenosis or narrowness of the preuptial orifice so that the foreskin cannot be pushed back over the glans penis

79
Q

chlamydia

A

sti that causes cervicitis in women and urethritis and epididymitis in men

80
Q

gonorrhea

A

sti bacterial infenction of mucous membrane of genital tract in men and women

81
Q

herpes genitalis

A

highly contagious viral infection, recurs spontaneously, herpes

82
Q

HPV

A

infection of genital areas

83
Q

syphilis

A

infectious, chronis STI characterized by skin lesions (chancres)

84
Q

trichomoniasis

A

infectin of vagina or male genital tract, causes vaginitis, urethritis, cystitis

85
Q

amniocentesis

A

obstetric procedure involves surgical puncture of the amniotic sac under ultrasound guidance to remove amniotic fluid

86
Q

colposcopy

A

examination of the vagina and the cervix with an optical magnifying instrument (colposcope)

87
Q

laparoscopy

A

visual exam of abdominal cavity with laparoscope through one or more small incision in abdominal wall

88
Q

mammography

A

radiograpy of the breast for tumors

89
Q

Papanicolau test

A

microscopic analysis of cells taken from cervix and vagina to detect presence of carcinoma

90
Q

digital rectal examination (DRE)

A

examination of prostate gland by finger palpation through anal canal and rectum

91
Q

transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) and biopsy of prostate

A

ultrasound probe inserted into rectum to obtain image of prostate gland and collect specimes of tissue where abnormalities are detected

92
Q

cerclage

A

obstetric procedure in which a nonabsorbable suture is used for holding the cervis closed to prevent spontaneous abortion in a woman who has an incompetent cervix

93
Q

episiotomy

A

surgical incision of the perineum to enlarge the vaginal opening for obstetrical purposes during the birth process

94
Q

hysterosalpingooophorectomy

A

surgical removal of a uterus, fallopian tube, and an ovary

95
Q

lumpectomy

A

excision of a small tumor and some normal surrounding tissue

96
Q

mastectomy

A

complete or partial excision of one or both breasts

97
Q

total mastectomy

A

excision of an entire breast (simple)

98
Q

modified radical mastectomy

A

excision of entire breast including lymph nodes in underarm

99
Q

radical mastectomy

A

excision of breast, lymph nodes armpit, and chest wall muscles under breast

100
Q

reconstructive breast surgery

A

reconstruction of a breast that has been removed because of CA or other disease

101
Q

tissue (skin) expansion

A

common breast reconstruction technique where a balloon expander is inserted in skin, saline solution is injuected, and an implant

102
Q

transverse rectus abdominis muscle (TRAM) flap

A

surgical creation of a skin flap, passed under skin to the breast, shaped, and sutured into place

103
Q

tubal ligation

A

sterilization procedure that involves blocking both fallopian tubes by cutting or burning them and tying them off

104
Q

brachytherapy

A

radiation oncology procedure where radioactive seeds are placed directly within or near a tumor in the prostate to destroy malignant cells

105
Q

circumcision

A

surgical removal of foreskin of penis as an infant

106
Q

transurethral resection of prostate (TURP)

A

relieves obstruction caused by BPH (excessive overgrowth of normal tissue) by insertion of a resectoscope into the penis to chip awat using irrigating solution

107
Q

transurethral resection of prostate (TURP)

A

relieves obstruction caused by BPH (excessive overgrowth of normal tissue) by insertion of a resectoscope into the penis to chip awat using irrigating solution

108
Q

-tocia

A

childbirth, labor

109
Q

-tropin

A

stimulate

Medical Terminology pt 2 (15 decks)

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