Chapter 7 Flashcards
1
Q
cyst/o
A
bladder
2
Q
vesic/o
A
bladder
3
Q
glomerul/o
A
glomerulus
4
Q
meat/o
A
opening, meatus
5
Q
nephr/o
A
kidney
6
Q
ren/o
A
kidney
7
Q
pyel/o
A
renal pelvis
8
Q
ur/o
A
urine, urinary tract
9
Q
urin/o
A
urine, urinary tract
10
Q
ureter/o
A
ureter
11
Q
urethr/o
A
urethra
12
Q
-emia
A
blood condition
13
Q
-iasis
A
abnormal condition (produced by something specified)
14
Q
-lysis
A
separation; destruction; loosening
15
Q
-pathy
A
disease
16
Q
-pexy
A
fixation (of an organ)
17
Q
-ptosis
A
prolapse, downward displacement
18
Q
-tripsy
A
crushing
19
Q
-uria
A
urine
20
Q
poly-
A
many, much
21
Q
-us
A
condition, structure
22
Q
azot/o
A
nitrogenous compounds
23
Q
supra-
A
above, excessive, superior
24
Q
-ia
A
condition
25
carcin-
cancer
26
olig/o
scanty
27
KUB
diagnostic test of kidneys, ureters, and bladder
28
PKD means
polycystic kidney disease
29
ARF means
acute renal failure
30
BNO
bladder neck obstruction
31
CRF
chronic renal failure
32
ESWL
extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
33
UA
Urinalysis
34
define azoturia
increase of nitrogenous substances, especially urea, in urine
35
define diuresis
increased formation and secretion of urine
36
define ESRD (end stage renal disease)
kidney disease that has advanced to the point that kidneys can no longer adequately filter blood, and patient requires dialysis or renal transplantation for survival (AKA CRF)
37
define enuresis
involuntary dischaarge of urine after the age at which bladder control should be established
38
hypospadias
abnormal congenital opening of the male urethra on the undersurface of the penis
39
define interstitial nephritis
condition associated with pathological changes in the renal interstitial tissue that may be primary or caused by a toxic agent, such as a drug or chemical, which results in the destruction of nephrons and severe impairment in renal function
40
define urgency
sudden and frequent strong need to urinate
41
define Wilms tumor
malignant neoplasm of the kidney that occurs in young children, before 5 yrs old, aka nephroblastoma
42
what is blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
laboratory test that measures the amount of urea (nitrogenous waste product) in blood and demonstrates the kidney's ability to filter urea from blood for excretion in urine
43
what is creatinine clearance
laboratory test that measures the rate at which creatinine is cleared from blood by the kidney
44
what is a pyelography?
radiographic study of the kidney, ureters, and bladder after injection of a contrast agent
45
what is intravenous pyelography (IVP)
radiographic imaging in which a contrast medium is injected intravenously and serial x ray films are taken to provide visualization of the entire urinary tract; also called intravenous urography (IVU)
46
what is retrograde pyelography (RP)
radiographic imaging in which a contrast medium is introduced through a cytoscope directly into the bladder and ureters using small-caliber catheters
47
what is a nuclear scan?
radiographic technique that produces images of an organ or area of the body by introducing a radionuclide substance that releases a low level of radiation
48
what is a renal nuclear scan
nuclear scan that determines renal function and shape
49
what is voiding cystourethrography
radiography of the bladder and urethra while the bladder fills and empties
50
what is catheterization?
insertion of a catheter (hollow flexible tube) into a body cavity or organ to instill a substance or remove fluid, most commonly through the urethra into the bladder to drain urine
51
what is dialysis
mechanical filtering process used to clean blood of high concentrations of metabolic waste products, draw off excess fluids, and regulate body chemistry when kidneys fail to function properly
52
what is hemodialysis (HD)
process of removing excess fluids and toxins from blood by continually shunting (diverting) the patient's blood from the body into a dialysis machine for filtering, and then returning the clean blood to the patient's body via tubes connected to the circulatory system
53
what is peritoneal dialysis (PD)
type of dialysis that uses the peritoneum in a persons abdomen as the membrane through which fluid and dissolved substances are exchnaged with the blood
54
what is ureteral stent
placement of a thin tube into the ureter to prevent or treat obstruction of flow of urine from the kidney
55
what are antibiotics
kill bacteria that commonly cause UTI
56
antidiuretic
controls fluid balance in the body by reducing urination
57
antispasmodics
suppress spasms of the ureter, bladder, and urethra by relaxing the smooth muscles lining their walls, thus allowing normal emptying of the bladder
58
diuretics
block reabsorption of sodium by the kidneys, thereby increasing the amount of salt and water excreted in the urine
59
potassium supplements
replace potassium loss caused by diuretic drugs
60
-grade
to go
61
noct/o
night
62
scler/o
hardening; sclera (white of the eye)
63
-pepsia
digestion
