Chapter 8 Flashcards
The mental representation we have of our own body, including perceptions, attitudes, thoughts, emotions, and actions about it. Is strongly influenced by sociocultural factors like culture.
Body image
Associated with enhanced well-being, body satisfaction, and healthy eating behaviors. Developing body appreciation and acceptance, adopting a concept of beauty, investing in self care, and learning to interpret information in a body protective manner.
positive body image
What Pioneering English feminist pointed out back in 1792 that societal pressures encouraged women to submit to anything to reach the ideal of beauty, even giving up the right to think for themselves.
Mary Wilstonecraft
When are eating disorders most likely to develop?
During adolescence
True or False?
Men’s body talk and reasons for dissatisfaction are more shape oriented than weight oriented. Men make fewer social comparisons than women.
True
Men that have this condition perceive themselves as being insufficiently massive or muscular in appearance, no matter how bulked up they are.
Muscle dysmorphia
Who have historically experienced greater body dissatisfaction an eating disturbances than women in other racial and ethnic groups?
White women
Who appear to internalize appearance-focused messaging less and describe beauty more holistically, encompassing personality traits and not just physical attributes.
Black women
Appear to have higher levels of attachment to the thin ideal than do African American or white women.
Asian women
Appear similar to whites but may be affected by how much American culture they have absorbed.
Hispanics
Report slightly greater body image concerns than White men.
Native Americans
What can build self-esteem and brings focus on performance rather than appearance. Although ones such as dance, swimming, and gymnastics, can increase focus on appearance.
Sports
True or False?
Sports participation can lead to pressure by oneself, coaches, teammates, and parents. Athletes often disregard signals from their bodies including pain, during training. Parents and coaches can directly and indirectly encourage disordered eating by commenting on appearance or performance when a young athlete has lost weight. They can also indirectly foster disordered eating by not recognizing patterns of rapid weight loss.
True
True or False?
The risk for eating disorders appears to be greatest for athletes competing at elite levels such as college teams. Women who compete in nonelite sports that do not emphasize leanness have the least risk of developing eating disorders.
True
It is recommended to participate in what type of physical activities in nonstress environments to support a consistent focus on what the body can do physically and may aid body satisfaction, acceptance, and self-esteem.
Noncompetitive (like yoga, walking, and hiking)
Chronic illnesses that jeopardize physical and mental health and can be life threatening. Key characteristics is severe disturbances in eating behavior. Second characteristic is distorted body image. What begins as a diet takes on a life of its own, turning into self-induced starvation or repeated cycles of binging and purging. The most extreme forms are anorexia and bulimia nervosa which are classified as psychiatric disorders.
Eating disorders
Impaires social functioning or causes calorie or nutritional deficiencies. When people become focused on eating only healthy “pure” foods that they severly restrict and eliminate entire categories of food from their diets.
orthorexia nervosa
Include restrictive dieting, skipped meals, binge eating and purging, and laxative abuse. May occur in response to emotional stress, an upcoming athletic event, concern about personal appearance, a new diet recommendation, or any other stressors.
Disordered eating behaviors
Where do eating disorders primarily occur?
Western industrialized countries
True or False?
Rates of eating disorders appear to be directly related to rates of weight-loss dieting in a population.
True
An eating disorder marked by distortion of body image and refusal to maintain a minimally normal body weight. More likely to be obsessed with food but starving themselves at the same time. Appear ultra-thin. Can lose bone and is not reversible. Which means this person could have a higher risk of bone fractures.
anorexia nervosa
An eating disorder marked by distortion of body image and repeated episodes of binge eating, usually followed by purging in the form of self-induced vomiting, misuse of diuretics or laxatives, excessive exercising, or fasting.
bulimia nervosa
Most common eating disorder marked by binge eating behavior without the vomiting or purging of bulimia. Can be normal weight or overweight but if the disorder becomes unrecognized, they often become obese.
binge eating disorder
What eating disorder carries the highest death rate?
Anorexia
