chapter 8 Flashcards
What were the most important short-term and long-term outcomes of the Atlantic revolutions?
Short term societies like Europe, Africa, North & south America, became connected from Columbus’ voyages which led to revolutions. Long term was nationalism found in countries which resulted from revolution.
How did the ideas of the Enlightenment contribute to the Atlantic revolutions?
Writing pamphlets and books contained radical notion that political & social could be improved by humans. Led to ideas of liberty, free trade, equality, religious tolerance and human rationality.
In what ways did the American Revolution transform American society, and in what ways did it not?
Made large political change, more democratic, eroded the power of traditional men from politics, slavery not abolished. It didnt b/c lower classed people still had less power, slavery wasnt abolished and people with higher power affected by revolution.
How did the French Revolution differ from the American Revolution? How were the two revolutions similar?
French revolution was caused by conflicts within society and more agressive American was because of tension with larger power. Similar bc used enlightenment, absolute rulers,
How did Louis XVI’s desire to keep France solvent contribute to the French Revolution? Page 353
Wanting to place high taxes on the French people to avoid bankruptcy which left the peasants angry at the high taxes Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen was created against the taxes causing people to become radical and start the French Revolution
How would the mass executions of the Terror have impacted the way that people outside of France interpreted the French Revolution? Page 354
It showed how violent revolutions could become It showed the French Revolution as something to be feared and should other places that revolutions don’t need to become this violent and that revolutions can escalate quickly. It caused the latin elites to become aware on how dangerous revoltuions are
What caused the French Revolution to become much more radical than the American Revolution? Page 355
There was fear of the revolution would be overturned urban crowds cause insurrections and peasants destroyed residences and documents the reign of terror began led by robespierre where he executed 10,000 enemies of the revolution This caused the French Revolution to be more radical and violent than america
Based on the evidence on the map on page 356, how did Napoleon facilitate the spread of Enlightenment ideals across the European continent?
By having a French empire that is a large part of your France influence spread by conquest in spread ideas on civil quality religious freedom and rationalized government His enlightened ideas spread across Europe by conquest and expansion
What was distinctive about the Haitian Revolution when compared to other revolutionary movements in the Atlantic and elsewhere in world history? Page 358
The Haitian Revolution was distinctive because they were the first non-European state to emerge from Western colonization They were also the first completely successful slaver revolt in world history They had a population of primarily black people
Describe the effects of the Haitian Revolution on the US, Latin America, the Caribbean, and France. Page 358
The French sold land to the US called the Louisiana Purchase with slave states in Latin America there was a social conservatism in the elites the revolution led to an expansion of slavery and Cuba
In what ways were the French and Haitian revolutions similar in their use of terror? What accounts for the relative level of violence in each? Page 359
The black army took Revenge on the white soldiers by hanging them The Haitian people in French Revolutions both kill people who wrong them or didn’t agree with the revolution Something that accounts for the violence in each are that the people in the lower classes were being treated unfairly and wanted to get back at the upper class people
In what ways did the spread of the Enlightenment philosophy affect independence movements in Latin America? Page 360
The leaders of the independence movements, simon Bolivar and jose de san we’re influence by the enlightenment they wanted to have independence from napolean who took away their royal family they decided to take action because the enlightenment ideas and revolutions were spreading
How were the Spanish American Revolutions shaped by the American, French, and Haitian revolutions? Page 361
By inspiring the independence leaders to fight for their freedom the Latin American elites learned how political change can escalate out of hand because of the French and the Hatian revolutions napoleon invaded and forced the Portuguese royal family away causing royal authority to be messed up which causes the states to take action which is similar to the American Revolution
What opportunities and barriers existed for women and non-elites in the era of revolutions in Latin America from 1800-1850? Page 361
they could raise money for the cause be cooks or carry supplies in a woman’s buy grade The slaves and Native Americans benefited a small amount from the independence Some berries that existed for women and non-lets were that women were punished for not being loyal to their royal family and were executed They were excluded from political life and were controlled by the men in their families
Compare the social conditions for former slaves and former serfs in the United States and in Russia in the latter half of the 19th century. Page 366
In the Americas freed slaves had some political rights and power until there were segregation acts and lynchings as well as racism that lasted till present day In Russia freed service were given a portion of land and had redemption dues and ended up in poverty
