Chapter 8 Flashcards
3 areas of cardiovascular system?
Heart, blood vessels, and blood.
Receiving chamber of the heart?
Atria.
Chambers that pump of heart?
Ventricles.
Myocardium?
Cardiac muscle.
Cardiocytes?
Cardiac cells.
What percent of human body is blood?
7%
Hematocrit?
Percent of formed elements (red blood cells) relative to total blood volume.
Arterio-venous oxygen difference?
Measures the amount of oxygen taken up from the blood by the tissues.
Ischemia?
Lack of blood flow to tissue.
Measurable CV variables?
- Heart rate
- Blood pressure
- Stroke volume
- Cadiac output
Cardiovascular drift?
HR goes up after 15 minutes of sustained aerobic activity to account for lower SV due to fluid loss.
Structural hierarchy of the circulatory system?
Large arteries, smaller arteries, arterioles, metarterioles, capillary beds, venules, small veins, large veins.
Is hypertrophy bad for heart?
No can happen from CV disease or from exercise.
Hypercolemia?
Increase in blood volume.
Tidal Volume?
Volume of air inspired or expired each breath.
Inspiratory reserve volume?
Volume of air inspired aftrer normal tidal volume.
Expiratory reserve volume?
Volume of air expried after normal tidal volume.
Residual volume?
Volume of air in the lungs after maximal expiration.
What does pressure overload result in?
(Rise in BP and intrathoracic pressure) Adaptations to cardiac wall.
What does volume overload do?
(Greater venous return and blood flow) Increases cardiac chamber size.
Total lung capacity?
Volume of air in lungs after maximal inspiration.
Forced vital capacity?
Maximal volume of air expired after maximal volume inspiration.
Inspiratory capacity?
Maximal volume of air after tidal volume expiration.
Functional residual capacity?
Volume of air in lungs after tidal volume expiration.
Forced expiration volume?
Volume of air maximally expired forcefully in 1 second after maximal inhalation.
Maximum voluntary ventilation?
Maximum volume of air breathed rapidly in 1 minute.
Minute ventilation?
Volume of air breathed per minute.
