Chapter 8

Question 1

3 areas of cardiovascular system?

Answer 1

Heart, blood vessels, and blood.

Question 2

Receiving chamber of the heart?

Answer 2

Atria.

Question 3

Chambers that pump of heart?

Answer 3

Ventricles.

Question 4

Myocardium?

Answer 4

Cardiac muscle.

Question 5

Cardiocytes?

Answer 5

Cardiac cells.

Question 6

What percent of human body is blood?

Answer 6

7%

Question 7

Hematocrit?

Answer 7

Percent of formed elements (red blood cells) relative to total blood volume.

Question 8

Arterio-venous oxygen difference?

Answer 8

Measures the amount of oxygen taken up from the blood by the tissues.

Question 9

Ischemia?

Answer 9

Lack of blood flow to tissue.

Question 10

Measurable CV variables?

Answer 10

• Heart rate
• Blood pressure
• Stroke volume
• Cadiac output

Question 11

Cardiovascular drift?

Answer 11

HR goes up after 15 minutes of sustained aerobic activity to account for lower SV due to fluid loss.

Question 12

Structural hierarchy of the circulatory system?

Answer 12

Large arteries, smaller arteries, arterioles, metarterioles, capillary beds, venules, small veins, large veins.

Question 13

Is hypertrophy bad for heart?

Answer 13

No can happen from CV disease or from exercise.

Question 14

Hypercolemia?

Answer 14

Increase in blood volume.

Question 15

Tidal Volume?

Answer 15

Volume of air inspired or expired each breath.

Question 16

Inspiratory reserve volume?

Answer 16

Volume of air inspired aftrer normal tidal volume.

Question 17

Expiratory reserve volume?

Answer 17

Volume of air expried after normal tidal volume.

Question 18

Residual volume?

Answer 18

Volume of air in the lungs after maximal expiration.

Question 19

What does pressure overload result in?

Answer 19

(Rise in BP and intrathoracic pressure) Adaptations to cardiac wall.

Question 20

What does volume overload do?

Answer 20

(Greater venous return and blood flow) Increases cardiac chamber size.

Question 21

Total lung capacity?

Answer 21

Volume of air in lungs after maximal inspiration.

Question 22

Forced vital capacity?

Answer 22

Maximal volume of air expired after maximal volume inspiration.

Question 23

Inspiratory capacity?

Answer 23

Maximal volume of air after tidal volume expiration.

Question 24

Functional residual capacity?

Answer 24

Volume of air in lungs after tidal volume expiration.

Question 25

Forced expiration volume?

Answer 25

Volume of air maximally expired forcefully in 1 second after maximal inhalation.

Question 26

Maximum voluntary ventilation?

Answer 26

Maximum volume of air breathed rapidly in 1 minute.

Question 27

Minute ventilation?

Answer 27

Volume of air breathed per minute.