Chapter 6 Flashcards
Hormone?
Chemical messenger.
Autocrine?
Hormone acts on cells it is produced by.
Paracrine?
Hormone that acts on cells adjacent to the ones that produced it.
Endocrine?
Hormone enters circulation.
Releasing hormones?
Cause other hormones to be released.
Three types of hormones?
Steroid, peptide, and amine.
Anabolic steroids?
Just one type of steroid abused by athletes. Other steroids affect inflammation, fluid balance, and gender Characteristics.
Peptide hormones?
Proteins that bind to outside of cells because they are lipophobic.
Amine hormones?
Derived from amino acids and must bind to the outside of cells because they are also lipophobic.
What two things do transport proteins do?
Deliver hormone and protect it from metabolism.
Negative feedback system?
Elevate hormones whose levels are low and reduce hormones whose levels are high.
Cross-reactivity?
A different compound than intended is able to act upon a receptor.
Four hormone response classifications during exercise?
Acute response during exercise, chronc change in resting concentrations, chronic change in acute response to exercise, and receptor changes.
Acute responses to exercise?
TE increases in men while GH in women.
Types of exercise that increase TE?
- Large movement
- Greater intensity and volume
- Greater training frequency
- Limiting overtraining and dehydration
Chronic changes in resting hormone concentrations from exercise?
No large change in testoster becasue the body tries to maintain homeostasis.
Acute responses to exercise?
Increases GH which is correlated with high lactate levels.
When can a lot of GH be released?
In later sleep.
Insulin Growth Factor?
Can stimulate growth and levels are higher in RT trained men.
What effect does insulin have on tissue growth?
Increased protein synthesis.
Catecholamines?
Adrenaline.
What do b-endorphins do?
Help relaxation and immune function.
Leptin?
Produced by adipose tissue and contral satiety.
Higher in obese individual and women.
