Chapter 5

Question 1

Mechanical Stress?

Answer 1

Internal force divided by cross-sectional area of CT structure.

Question 2

Three types of stress?

Answer 2

Tension, compression, sheer stress.

Question 3

Tension?

Answer 3

Pulling or stretching.

Question 4

Compression?

Answer 4

Pushing inward.

Question 5

Shear stress?

Answer 5

Twisting or oblique force is encountered?

Question 6

Strain?

Answer 6

Magnitude of deformation that takes place.

Question 7

Poisson’s ratio?

Answer 7

Ratio of strain in longitudinal to strain in lateral diection.

Question 8

Elasticity?

Answer 8

CT returning to normal length.

Question 9

Plasticity?

Answer 9

Permanent partial elongation of CT and does not return to normal length.

Question 10

5 types of bones?

Answer 10

Long, short, flat, irregular, and sesamoid.

Question 11

Epiphyses?

Answer 11

End of bone.

Question 12

Diaphysis?

Answer 12

Long region (shaft).

Question 13

Bone outside to inside?

Answer 13

Periosteum, compact bone, spongy bone, endosteum, medullary cavity.

Question 14

Collagen?

Answer 14

Protein that gives strength and pliability.

Question 15

Mechanotransduction?

Answer 15

The transduction of a mechanical into a local cellar signal.

Question 16

Minimal essential strain?

Answer 16

The smallest amount of strain needed for bone formation.

Question 17

Types of training to increase bone size?

Answer 17

Multi joint exercises, moderate to high loading, fast velocities, and variation.

Question 18

Can children participate in RT?

Answer 18

Yes, it will not stunt their growth.

Question 19

What adapt fastest in RT?

Answer 19

Skeletal muscle then CT.

Question 20

Tendon stiffness?

Answer 20

Relationship between force put on a tendon and its change in length.

Question 21

Osteoarthritis?

Answer 21

Degeneration of articular catilage.

Question 22

Risk factors for Osteoarthritis?

Answer 22

HIgh impart sports (hockey, football, soccer).

Longtime runners do not have an increased risk.