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Anatomy And Phys > Chapter 7.5 > Flashcards

Chapter 7.5 Flashcards

1
Q

26 vertebrae and their regions

A

7 cervical vertebrae in neck region
12 thoracic posterior to thoracic cavity
5 lumbar supporting lower back
1 sacrum consists of 5 fused sacral vertebrae
1 coccyx consisting of four fused coccygeal vertebrae

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2
Q

Normal curves

A

Four slight bends of vertebral column

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3
Q

Convex curves of spine

A

Cervical and lumbar curves

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4
Q

Concave curves

A

Thoracic and sacral curves

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5
Q

Function of normal curves

A

Increase strength
Maintain balance
Absorb shock
Protect vertebrae from fracture

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6
Q

Invertebral discs

A

Found between bodies of adjacent vertebrae from second cervical vertebra to sacrum

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7
Q

Annulus fibrosus

A

Fibrous ring of invertebral discs consisting of fibrocartilage

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8
Q

Nucleus pulposus

A

Inner soft, pulpy, highly elastic substance
Inside invertebral discs

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9
Q

Functions of invertebral discs

A

Form strong joints
Permit various movement
Absorb vertical shock

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10
Q

Vertebral body

A

Thick, disc shaped anterior portion
Superior and inferior surface is roughened for attachment
Anterior and lateral contain foramina

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11
Q

Vertebral arch

A

Formed by pedicles that unite with flat Lamina
Extends posteriorly

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12
Q

Vertebral foramen

A

Formed by vertebral body and vertebral arch surrounding the spinal cord
Contains spinal cord, adipose tissue, areolar connective tissues and blood vessels

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13
Q

Vertebral canal

A

Formed by all the foramina of all the vertebrae

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14
Q

Pedicles

A

Two short processes that project posteriorly to vertebral body
Has vertebral notches

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15
Q

Invertebral foramen

A

Vertebral notches stacked on top of one another form an opening
Permits single spine nerve

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16
Q

Seven processes

A

2 Transverse
Spinous
2 superior articular
2 inferior articular

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17
Q

Transverse process

A

Where lamina and pedicles join

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18
Q

Spinous process

A

Projects posteriorly from junction of laminar

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19
Q

Superior articular processes

A

Articulate with the two inferior articular processes of the vertebra above them

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20
Q

Inferior articular processes

A

Articulate with two superior articular processes of the vertebra below them

21
Q

Vertebral regions

A

Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar
Sacral
Coccygeal

22
Q

Cervical vertebra

A

Smaller than all except coccyx
Large vertebral arches

23
Q

Three foramina of cervical vertebrae

A

One vertebral foramen and two transverse foramina

24
Q

Vertebral foramina of cervical vertebrae

A

Largest in spinal cord because they house cervical enlargements of spinal cord

25
Q

Atlas

A

C1
Ring of bone
Superior articular facets articulate with occipital condyles to form paired atlanto occipital joints

26
Q

Axis

A

C2
Has vertebral body unlike c1
Has dens or odontoid process that projects through anterior portion of atlas and allows for head movement

27
Q

Thoracic vertebrae

A

Larger and stronger than cervical
Articulate with ribs except T11 and 12

28
Q

Costal facets

A

Articular surfaces for the ribs present on thoracic vertebra
Articulate with tubercles of ribs

29
Q

Facet

A

Articulating bodies of vertebral bodies
Form when head of rib articulated with body of one vertebra

30
Q

Demifacet

A

Articular surface vertebral bodies
Formed when head of articulates with two adjacent vertebral bodies

31
Q

Vertebrocostal joints

A

Articulations between thoracic vertebra and ribs

32
Q

Lumbar vertebrae

A

Largest and strongest of unfused bones

33
Q

Sacrum

A

Triangular bone formed by union of 5 sacral vertebrae
Strong foundation for pelvic girdle

34
Q

Sacral promontory

A

Anteriorly projecting border of the base
One point used for measurement of the pelvis

35
Q

Sacroiliac joint

A

Formed by the Lateral surface of sacrum’s auricular surface that articulates with ilium of each hip bone

36
Q

Lumbosacral joint

A

Formed by the base of the sacrum articulating with the body of the 5th lumbar vertebrae

37
Q

Coccyx

A

Triangular shaped
Fusion of four coccygeal vertebrae

38
Q

Thorax

A

Entire chest region

39
Q

Thoracic cage

A

Skeletal part of the thoracic is a bony enclosure formed by sternum, ribs and their costal cartilage and bodies of thoracic vertebrae

40
Q

Sternum

A

Breast bone
Located at center of anterior thoracic walls

41
Q

Three parts of the sternum

A

Manubrium
Body-largest part
Xiphoid -smallest part

42
Q

Sternal angle

A

Formed by junction of manubrium and body

43
Q

Suprasternal notch

A

Depression on superior surface of manubrium

44
Q

Sternoclavicular joints

A

Formed by clavicular notches articulating with medial ends if clavicles

45
Q

Ribs

A

12 pairs
Give structural support to sides of thoracic cavity

46
Q

Costal cartilage

A

Hyaline cartilage that directly connects the first 7 pairs of ribs to sternum

47
Q

Sternocostal joints

A

Formed by articulation between true ribs and sternum

48
Q

Vertebrochondral ribs

A

The 8,9 and 10th pairs have their cartilage attached which then attaches to the 7th pair of ribs

49
Q

Floating ribs

A

11th and 12th pair of ribs
Costal cartilage does not connect to sternum at all

Anatomy And Phys (12 decks)

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