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Anatomy And Phys > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Types of bones

A

Short bones
Flat bones
Irregular bones
Sesamoid bones
Sutural bones

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2
Q

Short bones

A

Cube shaped
Spongy bone tissue surrounded by thin layer of compact bone

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3
Q

Flat bone

A

Two thin parallel plates of compact bone tissue enclosing spongy bone tissue
Protection and area for muscle attachment

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4
Q

Irregular bone

A

Complex shape and cannot be grouped into any other category
Varying amount of spongy and compact bone

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5
Q

Sesamoid

A

Develop in certain tendons where lord of friction, tension and physical stress

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6
Q

Sutural bones

A

Classified by location rather than shape
Located in sutures between cranial bones

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7
Q

Bone surface markings

A

Characteristic structural features for specific function
Develop due to force

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8
Q

Depression and opening

A

Allow passage of soft tissue or formation of joints

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9
Q

Processes

A

Projections or outgrowth on bone that form joints or attachment point for connective tissues like tendons and ligaments

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10
Q

Types of depressions

A

Fissure
Foramen
Fossa
Sulcus
Meatus

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11
Q

Types of processes that form joints

A

Condyle
Facet
Head

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12
Q

Types of processes that form points for connective tissue

A

Crest
Epicondyle
Line
Spinous process
Trochanter
Tubercle
Tuberosity

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13
Q

Fissure

A

Narrow slit between adjacent parts of bones through which blood vessels or nerve pass

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14
Q

Foramen

A

Opening through which blood vessels, nerves, or ligaments pass

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15
Q

Fossa

A

Shallow depression

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16
Q

Sulcus

A

Furrow along bone surface that accommodates blood vessel, nerve or tendon

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17
Q

Meatus

A

Tubelike opening

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18
Q

Condyle

A

Large, round protuberance with smooth articular surface at end of bone

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19
Q

Facet

A

Smooth, flat, slightly concave or convex articular surface

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20
Q

Head

A

Usually rounded articular projection supported on neck of bone

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21
Q

Crest

A

Prominent ridge or elongated projection

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22
Q

Epicondyle

A

Typically roughened projection above condyle

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23
Q

Line

A

Long, narrow ridge or border (less prominent than crest)

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24
Q

Spinous process

A

Sharp, slender projection

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25
Trochanter
Very large projection
26
Tubercle
Variable sized rounded projection
27
Tuberosity
Variably sized projection that had a rough, bumpy surface
28
Cranial bones
Form cranial cavity Encloses and protects brain
29
8 cranial bones
Frontal 2 parietal 2temporal Occipital Sphenoid Ethmoid
30
Bones that make up face
2 nasal 2 maxilla 2 zygomatic Mandible 2 lacrimal 2 palatines 2 inferior nasal conchae Vomer
31
Frontal Bone
Forms forehead Roof of orbits Most of anterior cranial floor
32
Parietal bones
Two bones that form greater portion of sides and roof of cranial cavity
33
Temporal bones
2 bones that form inferior lateral aspects of cranium and cranial floor
34
Temporal squama
Thin flat part of temporal bone that is the temple
35
Zygomatic process
Projects form inferior portion of temporal squama it forms a joint with temporal process of zygomatic bone
36
Zygomatic arch
Formed by the zygomatic process of temporal bone and temporal process of the zygomatic bone
37
Mandibular fossa
Socket located on inferior posterior surface of zygomatic process
38
Temporomandibular joint
Formed by mandibular fossa and articular tubercle articulating with mandible
39
Mastoid portion
Temporal bone Posterior and inferior to ear canal
40
Mastoid process
Rounded projection of mastoid portion of the temporal bone posterior and inferior to ear canal Attachment for some neck muscles
41
Internal auditory meatus
Opening where facial and vestibulochlear nerves pass
42
Petrous portion
Temporal bone On floor of cranial cavity Has internal and middle ear
43
Occipital bone
Forms posterior part and most of the base of the skull
44
Foramen magnum
Located in inferior part of occipital bone Medulla oblongata connects to spinal cord
45
Occipital condyles
Oval processes on either side of Foramen magnum Form arlanto occipital joint
46
External occipital protuberance
Prominent midline projection just above foramenmagnum
47
Sphenoid bone
Lies at middle part of the base of skull Articulates with all other cranial bones
48
Sella turcica
Sphenoid bone Saddle shaped structure on superior surface of the body of the sphenoid
49
Hypophyseal fossa
Depression in seat of saddle Contains pituitary gland
50
Ethmoid bone
Delicate bone located in anterior part of cranial floor medial to orbits Spongelike in appearance
51
Nasal septum
Partition that divides the nasal cavity into right and left sides
52
Nasal bone
Pair of bones Make up bones that form bridge of nose Protect upper entry of nasal cavity and attachment for some muscles
53
Lacrimal bone
Paired Smallest bones in face Lacrimal fossa that contains lacrimal sac
54
Palatine Bones
Two L shaped bones Makes up posterior portion of hard palate by the horizontal plates of this bone
55
Inferior Nasal conchae
Two Three pairs of nasal conchea that increase surface area of nasal cavity
56
Vomer
Triangular bone on floor of nasal cavity Forms inferior portion of bony nasal septum
57
Maxillae
2 bones that unite to form the upper jaw bone Articulate with every bone of the face except mandible
58
Hard palate
Bony roof of the mouth that separates nasal and oral cavity Formed by palatine process of maxillae and horizontal plates of the palatine bone
59
Alveolar process
Ridge like arch that contains the sockets for upper teeth
60
Infraorbital foramen
Opening in maxilla inferior to orbit Passage for Infrorbital blood vessel and nerve
61
Zygomatic bone
Two bones called cheek bones Prominence of cheek Articulate with frontal, maxilla, sphenoid and temporal bones
62
Zygomatic arch
Formed by Temporal process of zygomatic bone projecting posteriorly and articulating with zygomatic process
63
Mandible
Lower jaw bone and largest, strongest facial bone
64
Temporomandibular joint mandible view
Condylar process of ramus articulated with mandibular fossa and articulate tubercle of temporal bone
65
Mandibular notch
Depression between coronoid and condylar process
66
Three components of the nasal septum
Vomer, septal cartilage and perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone
67
Sutures
Immovable joint that holds skull bones together
68
Coronal sutures
Unites frontal and parietal bone
69
Sagittal sutures
Unites the two parietal bones on superior midline of skull
70
Lambdoid suture
Unities the two parietal bones to occipital bone
71
Squamous sutures
Two of them Unite parietal and temporal bones on lateral aspect of the skull
72
Paranasal Sinuses
Cavities within certain cranial and facial bones near nasal cavity Increase the surface area of nasal mucosa which increase mucus and moistens and cleanses inhaled air
73
Fontanels
Soft spots Incompletely developed cranial bones Areas where unossified mesenchymes develop into dense connective tissue of the skull
74
Hyoid bone
Single bone that is not articulated to any other bone

Anatomy And Phys (12 decks)

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