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Anatomy And Phys > Chapter 10 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Flashcards

1
Q

4 key functions of muscular tissue

A

Producing body movement
Stabilizing body position
Storing and moving substance within body
Generating heat

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2
Q

4 properties of muscular tissue

A

Electrical excitability
Contractility
Extensibility
Elasticity

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3
Q

Fascia

A

Dense sheet or broad band of irregular connective tissue that line body wall and limbs

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4
Q

3 layers of connective tissue that extends from fascia

A

Epimysium
Perimysium
Endomysium

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5
Q

Epimysium

A

Outer layer of that surround entire muscle
Dense irregular connective tissue

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6
Q

Perimysium

A

Surrounds group of 10-100 or more muscle fibers, separating into bundles called fascicles
Dense irregular tissue

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7
Q

Endomysium

A

Penetrates interior of each fascicle and separates individual muscle fibers from one another
Reticular fibers

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8
Q

Aponeurosis

A

When extended as a broad, flat sheet

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9
Q

Sarcolemma

A

Plasma membrane of muscle cell

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10
Q

Transverse tubules

A

Thousands of tiny invaginations of sarcolemma
Tunnel from surface to center of each muscle fiber

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11
Q

Sarcoplasm

A

Cytoplasm of muscle fiber
Lots of glycogen and myoglobin

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12
Q

Myofibrils

A

Contractile organelles of skeletal muscle
Responsible for striation

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13
Q

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

A

Fluid filled system of membranous sacs that encircle each myofibrils
Similar to smooth er

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14
Q

Thin filaments

A

Composed of actin

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15
Q

Thick filaments

A

Composed of myosin

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16
Q

Sarcomeres

A

Basic functional units of myofibrils
Compartments

17
Q

Z disc

A

Narrow, plate shaped regions of dense protein material, separate one sacromere from the next

18
Q

A band

A

Dark middle part
Extends all of thick filament
At end is zone of overlap where thin and thick filaments are side by side

19
Q

I band

A

Lighter, less dense than A
Contains thin filaments and Z discs pass through the center

20
Q

M line

A

Formed by the supporting protein that holds thick filaments together at center of H zone
Midline of sacromere

21
Q

Contractile proteins

A

Myosin
Actin

22
Q

Myosin

A

Main component of thick filaments
Function as motor protein for all 3 types of muscles
Shaped like two twisted golf clubs

23
Q

Motor proteins

A

Pull various cellular structures to achieve movement by converting chemical energy of atp to mechanical energy in motion

24
Q

Regulatory proteins

A

Tropomyosin
Troponin

25
Q

Structural proteins

A

Alignment, stability, elasticity and extensibility of myofibrils
Titin

26
Q

Titin

A

3rd most plentiful protein of skeletal muscle
Connects z disc to m line of sacromere

27
Q

Contractile cycle

A

Repeating sequence of events that causes filaments to slide

28
Q

Excitation contraction coupling

A

Sequence of events that links excitation to contraction

29
Q

Triad

A

T tubules and 2 opposing terminal cisterns of sarcoplasmic reticulum

30
Q

Voltage gated calcium channels

A

Located on T tubules membrane and arranged as tetrads
Voltage sensor that triggers opening of calcium release channels

31
Q

Calcium release channels

A

In terminal Custer membrane of sr
At rest part of channel that extends into sarcoplasm is partially blocked by voltage gate calcium channels

32
Q

Calsequestrin

A

Protein of sr
Binds calcium ands stores it in sr

33
Q

Length tension relationship

A

Longer and shorter sacromere lead to less tension

34
Q

3 ways for muscles to create atp

A

Creatine phosphate
Anaerobic glycolysis
Aerobic respiration

35
Q

Creatin phosphate

A

Unique to muscle fibers
Excess atp in relaxed muscles is stored as creatine phosphate by creatin kinase
Transfers phosphate form atp to creatine (reversed when needed)

Anatomy And Phys (12 decks)

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