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Anatomy And Phys > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Matter

A

Anything that occupies space

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2
Q

Weight

A

Force of gravity acting on matter

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3
Q

Solid

A

Defined shape and volume

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4
Q

Liquid

A

Defined volume

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5
Q

Gas

A

Neither defined volume or shape

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6
Q

Major elements in body

A

Oxygen (65%)
Carbon (18.5%)
Hydrogen (9.5%)
Nitrogen (3.2%)

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7
Q

Lesser elements

A

Calcium
Phosphorous
Potassium
Sodium
Sulfur
Chlorine
Magnesium
Iron

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8
Q

Mass number

A

Sun of protons and neutrons

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9
Q

Isotope

A

Element has different number of neutrons and thus a different mass

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10
Q

Atomic mass

A

Average mass of all naturally occurring isotopes

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11
Q

Ionization

A

Process of giving or receiving electron

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12
Q

Compound

A

Contains 2 or more atoms of different elements

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13
Q

Ionic bond

A

Force of attraction that holds together atoms of opposite attraction

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14
Q

Electrolyte

A

Ionic compound that breaks apart into positive and negative in solution

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15
Q

Covalent bond

A

Two or more atoms share an electron

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16
Q

No polar covalent bond

A

Electrons are shared equally

17
Q

Polar covalent bond

A

Electron is not shared equally

18
Q

Exergonic energy

A

Releases more energy than absorbed

19
Q

Endergonic energy

A

Absorbs more energy than released

20
Q

Activation energy

A

Energy needed to break chemical bonds of reactants

21
Q

Synthesis reaction

A

2 or more atoms/molecules become a new larger molecule

Aka anabolism

Endergonic

22
Q

Decomposition reaction

A

Split larger molecule into smaller molecule, ion or atom

Exergonic

Aka catabolism

23
Q

Exchange reaction

A

Consists of both synthesis and decomposition reactions

24
Q

Reversible reaction

A

Products can revert to original reactants

25
Oxidation reduction reaction
Always run parallel, when one thing is oxidized another must be reduced
26
Inorganic compound
Usually lack of carbon and structurally simple Not used in biological function Either ionic or covalent bond
27
Organic compound
Always contain carbon and usually hydrogen Always covalent bonds
28
Solvent
Dissolves another substance (solvent)
29
Mixture
Combination of elements or compounds that physically blend but are not bound by chemical bonds
30
Three common liquid mixtures
Solution Colloid Suspension
31
Solution
Solute is evenly dispersed in solvent
32
Colloid
Solute is large enough to scatter light. The solute in colloid is much larger than the solute in solution Translucent
33
Suspension
May temporarily mix but the solute will settle out
34
Acid
Dissolves into one or more H+ and an anion (proton donor)
35
Base
Dissolves into one or more hydroxyl ion and cation (proton acceptor)
36
Salt
Dissolves in water and dissociates into cation and anion (neither H+ or OH-)
37
2 parts of enzymes
Apoenzyme is the protein portion Cofactor is non protein portion

Anatomy And Phys (12 decks)

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