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Anatomy And Phys > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

4 principal cells of epidermis

A

Keratinocytes
Melanocytes
Intraepidermal macrophages
Tactile epithelial/ merkel cells

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2
Q

Layers of epidermis

A

Stratum basale
Stratum spinosum
Stratum granulosome
Stratum lucidunn
Stratum corneum

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3
Q

Callus

A

Abnormal thickening in stratum corneum

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4
Q

Keratinization

A

Cells move from one epidermal layer to the next and accumulate more keratin and then undergo apoptosis

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5
Q

Keratohyalin

A

Darkly staining granules of protein
Stratum granulosom

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6
Q

Dermis

A

Deeper part of the skin
Dense irregular connective tissue with collage and elastic fibers

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7
Q

Carpuscle

A

Nerve endings sensitive to touch

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8
Q

Free nerve ending

A

Dendrites that lack any apparent structural specialization

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9
Q

Epidermal ridges

A

Ridges and grooves on palms, fingers, soles and toes

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10
Q

Hair pili

A

Present on most skin except thick
Protects head from injuries to scalp and uv

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11
Q

Hair shaft

A

Superficial portion, projects above the skin

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12
Q

Hair root

A

Deep to shaft, penetrates dermis and sometimes subcutaneous

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13
Q

Hair root and shaft have 3 concentric layers of cells

A

Inner Medulla
Cortex
Cuticle

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14
Q

Hair follicle

A

Surrounds root of hair

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15
Q

Dermal root sheath

A

Dense dermis surrounding hair follicle

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16
Q

Hair bulb

A

Base of each hair follicle and surroundes dermal root sheath

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17
Q

Arrector pili

A

Smooth muscle that’s extends from superficial dermis of skin to dermal root sheath

18
Q

Hair root plexus

A

Formed from densities surround hair follicles

19
Q

Sebum

A

Secreted by sebaceous glands
Protects hair from drying out and keeps skin moist

20
Q

2 types of sudoriferous glands

A

Eccrine
Apocrine

21
Q

Thermoregulation

A

Homeostatic regulation of body temperature

22
Q

Thermoregulatory sweating

A

Role of eccrine sweat glands helping body achieve thermoregulation

23
Q

Insensible perspiration

A

Sweat that evaporates from skin before it is perceived as moisture

24
Q

Sensible perspiration

A

Sweat that is excreted in large amounts and seen as moisture on skin

25
Q

Ceruminous gland

A

Modified sweat gland in ear

26
Q

Cerumen

A

Combination of ceruminous and sebaceous gland secretion

27
Q

Nails

A

Plates of tightly packed, hard, dead keratinized epidermal cells that form a clear, solid covering over dorsal surface of distal portion of digits

28
Q

Nail body

A

Visible portion of nail, appears pink because of blood flow in underlying capillaries

29
Q

Free edge

A

Extends past distal end of digit
White because there are no underlying capillaries

30
Q

Nail root

A

Portion buried in fold of skin
Proximal end of nail body

31
Q

Lunula

A

White crescent shaped area proximal to end of nail body

32
Q

Hyponychium

A

Junction between the free edge and skin of fingertip
Secures nail to finger tip

33
Q

Nail bed

A

Skin below nail plate

34
Q

Eponychium

A

Cuticle
Narrow band of epidermis that extends from and adheres to margin of nail wall

35
Q

Nail matrix

A

Epithelium proximal to nail root

36
Q

Function of nails

A

Protection
Support and counter pressure
Helps in grasping and manipulation small objects

37
Q

Thin skin

A

Hairy skin
Found everywhere but palms and feet

38
Q

Thick skin

A

Hairless skin
Palms, fingers and feet

39
Q

Function of skin

A

Thermoregulation
Blood reservoirs
Protection
Cutaneous sensation
Excretion and absorption

40
Q

Vitamin

A

Activated by uv
Calcitriol is most active form and used in many places

Anatomy And Phys (12 decks)

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