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Medical Terminology > Chapter 7: Urological System > Flashcards

Chapter 7: Urological System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

cali/o

A

calyx, cup-shaped

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2
Q

calic/o

A

calyx, cup-shaped

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3
Q

cyst/o

A

urinary bladder

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4
Q

vesic/o

A

bladder

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5
Q

glomerul/o

A

glomerulus

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6
Q

meat/o

A

meatus, opening

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7
Q

nephr/o

A

kidney

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8
Q

ren/o

A

kidney

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9
Q

pyel/o

A

renal pelvis

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10
Q

trigon/o

A

trigone (bladder region)

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11
Q

ureter/o

A

ureter

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12
Q

urethr/o

A

urethra

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13
Q

albumin/o

A

albumin

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14
Q

azot/o

A

nitrogen

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15
Q

bacteri/o

A

bacteria

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16
Q

dips/o

A

thirst

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17
Q

kal/o

A

potassium

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18
Q

ket/o

A

ketone bodies

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19
Q

keton/o

A

ketone bodies

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20
Q

lith/o

A

stone

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21
Q

natr/o

A

sodium

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22
Q

noct/o

A

night

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23
Q

olig/o

A

scanty (small or insufficient in quantity)

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24
Q

py/o

A

pus

25
Q

ur/o

A

urine

26
Q

urin/o

A

urine

27
Q

-poietin

A

substance that forms

28
Q

-tripsy

A

crushing

29
Q

-uria

A

urination, urine condition

30
Q

pH

A

indicates degree of acidity or alkalinity

31
Q

protein (urinalysis)

A

if it is enough to show on urinalysis, it is probably albumin

32
Q

glucose (urinalysis)

A

not normally found

33
Q

specific gravity (urinalysis)

A

comparison of density of urine with that of water

34
Q 
ketone bodies (acetones)
(urinalysis)
A

occur with breakdown of fat instead of glycogen

35
Q

sediment (urinalysis)

A

if found, is abnormal (accumulation of abnormal elements in urine)

36
Q

glomerul/o/nephr/itis

A

inflammation of the glomerulus within the kidney

37
Q

interstitial nephr/itis

A

inflammation of tissue between renal tubule

38
Q

nephro/lith/iasis

A

abnormal condition of stones in the kidney

39
Q

nephr/osis (nephrotic syndrome)

A

abnormal condition of the kidney (due to loss of protein)

40
Q

hydronephrosis

A

caused by obstruction in proximal part of ureter

41
Q

hydroureter

A

caused by stone in distal part of ureter

42
Q

hyper/nephr/oma

A

renal cell carcinoma

43
Q

renal hypertension

A

high blood pressure resulting from kidney disease

44
Q

Wilms tumor

nephroblastoma

A

malignant tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood

45
Q

BUN (lab test)

A

blood urea nitrogen. urea is excreted in urine; when kidney is diseased or fails, it accumulates in the blood (uremia or azotemia)

46
Q

creatinine clearance (lab test)

A

measurement of rate creatinine is cleared from blood by kidney

47
Q

CT urography (clinical procedure)

A

x-ray images obtained using computed tomography (shows multiple cross-sectional and other views of kidneys)

48
Q

KUB (clinical procedure)

A

x-ray of kidney, ureter, and bladder (no contrast used)

49
Q

renal angiography (clinical procedure)

A

contrast material injected into blood vessels of kidney, then x-ray is taken)

50
Q

retrograde pyelogram (clinical procedure)

A

x-ray image of the renal pelvis and utters after injection of contrast dye through urinary catheter into the ureters from bladder

51
Q

ultrasonography (clinical procedure)

A

imaging of urinary tract structure using high-frequency sound waves

52
Q

cystoscopy (clinical procedures)

A

visualization of urethra and urinary bladder with an instrument called a cystoscope

53
Q

Hemodialysis (peritoneal dialysis)

A

machine that receives waste-filled blood, filtering it through a porous membrane (dialyzer) and returns dialyzed blood to patient’s body. A fistula (abnormal connection between organs) is created to provide access.

54
Q

catheter (peritoneal dialysis)

A

used to introduce fluid into the peritoneal cavity. waste material passes out of the bloodstream and into the fluid. fluid is then removed by catheter.

55
Q

lith/o/tripsy

A

crushing of stones

56
Q

ren/al angi/o/plasty

A

dilation of narrowed areas in renal arteries

57
Q

ren/al bi/opsy

A

removal of kidney tissue for microscopic examination

58
Q

renal transplant

A

surgical transfer of a kidney from donor to a recipient

59
Q

urinary catheterization

A

passage of a flexible, tubular instrument through the urethra into the urinary bladder

Medical Terminology (21 decks)

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