Chapter 7: Urological System Flashcards
cali/o
calyx, cup-shaped
calic/o
calyx, cup-shaped
cyst/o
urinary bladder
vesic/o
bladder
glomerul/o
glomerulus
meat/o
meatus, opening
nephr/o
kidney
ren/o
kidney
pyel/o
renal pelvis
trigon/o
trigone (bladder region)
ureter/o
ureter
urethr/o
urethra
albumin/o
albumin
azot/o
nitrogen
bacteri/o
bacteria
dips/o
thirst
kal/o
potassium
ket/o
ketone bodies
keton/o
ketone bodies
lith/o
stone
natr/o
sodium
noct/o
night
olig/o
scanty (small or insufficient in quantity)
py/o
pus
ur/o
urine
urin/o
urine
-poietin
substance that forms
-tripsy
crushing
-uria
urination, urine condition
pH
indicates degree of acidity or alkalinity
protein (urinalysis)
if it is enough to show on urinalysis, it is probably albumin
glucose (urinalysis)
not normally found
specific gravity (urinalysis)
comparison of density of urine with that of water
ketone bodies (acetones) (urinalysis)
occur with breakdown of fat instead of glycogen
sediment (urinalysis)
if found, is abnormal (accumulation of abnormal elements in urine)
glomerul/o/nephr/itis
inflammation of the glomerulus within the kidney
interstitial nephr/itis
inflammation of tissue between renal tubule
nephro/lith/iasis
abnormal condition of stones in the kidney
nephr/osis (nephrotic syndrome)
abnormal condition of the kidney (due to loss of protein)
hydronephrosis
caused by obstruction in proximal part of ureter
hydroureter
caused by stone in distal part of ureter
hyper/nephr/oma
renal cell carcinoma
renal hypertension
high blood pressure resulting from kidney disease
Wilms tumor
nephroblastoma
malignant tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood
BUN (lab test)
blood urea nitrogen. urea is excreted in urine; when kidney is diseased or fails, it accumulates in the blood (uremia or azotemia)
creatinine clearance (lab test)
measurement of rate creatinine is cleared from blood by kidney
CT urography (clinical procedure)
x-ray images obtained using computed tomography (shows multiple cross-sectional and other views of kidneys)
KUB (clinical procedure)
x-ray of kidney, ureter, and bladder (no contrast used)
renal angiography (clinical procedure)
contrast material injected into blood vessels of kidney, then x-ray is taken)
retrograde pyelogram (clinical procedure)
x-ray image of the renal pelvis and utters after injection of contrast dye through urinary catheter into the ureters from bladder
ultrasonography (clinical procedure)
imaging of urinary tract structure using high-frequency sound waves
cystoscopy (clinical procedures)
visualization of urethra and urinary bladder with an instrument called a cystoscope
Hemodialysis (peritoneal dialysis)
machine that receives waste-filled blood, filtering it through a porous membrane (dialyzer) and returns dialyzed blood to patient’s body. A fistula (abnormal connection between organs) is created to provide access.
catheter (peritoneal dialysis)
used to introduce fluid into the peritoneal cavity. waste material passes out of the bloodstream and into the fluid. fluid is then removed by catheter.
lith/o/tripsy
crushing of stones
ren/al angi/o/plasty
dilation of narrowed areas in renal arteries
ren/al bi/opsy
removal of kidney tissue for microscopic examination
renal transplant
surgical transfer of a kidney from donor to a recipient
urinary catheterization
passage of a flexible, tubular instrument through the urethra into the urinary bladder
