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Medical Terminology > Chapter 11: Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Chapter 11: Cardiovascular System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

systole

A

contraction (top number)

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2
Q

diastole

A

relaxation (bottom number)

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3
Q

angi/o

A

vessel

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4
Q

aort/o

A

aorta

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5
Q

arter/o

A

artery

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6
Q

ateri/o

A

artery

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7
Q

ather/o

A

yellow, fatty plaque

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8
Q

atri/o

A

atrium

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9
Q

brachi/o

A

arm

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10
Q

cardi/o

A

heart

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11
Q

coron/o

A

heart

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12
Q

cholesterol/o

A

cholesterol

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13
Q

cyan/o

A

blue

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14
Q

myx/o

A

mucus

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15
Q

ox/o

A

oxygen

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16
Q

pericardi/o

A

tissue surrounding heart

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17
Q

phleb/o

A

vein

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18
Q

rrhythm/o

A

rhythm

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19
Q

sphygm/o

A

pulse

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20
Q

steth/o

A

chest

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21
Q

thromb/o

A

clot, clotting

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22
Q

valvul/o

A

valve

23
Q

valv/o

A

valve

24
Q

vas/o

A

vessel, ducts, vas deferens

25
Q

vascul/o

A

vessel

26
Q

ven/o

A

vein

27
Q

ven/i

A

vein

28
Q

ventricul/o

A

ventricle

29
Q

arrhythmias

A

abnormal heart rhythms (aka dysrhythmias). these are all problems with the conduction of the electrical system of the heart.

30
Q

bradycardia

tachycardia

A

slow heart beat

fast heart beat

31
Q

atrial fibrillation

A

treated by drugs, cardioversion, and ablation

32
Q

ablation

A

cryotherapy or heat to destroy “hot spots,” scarring the tissue so that the erratic signals are normalized.

33
Q

ventricular fibrillation

what are treatments

A

random electrical impulses throughout the ventricles - may be life threatening.
- drugs, implantable devices (pacemakers), catheter ablation

34
Q

congenital anomalies

A
  • coarctation of the aorta
  • patent ductus arteriosus
  • septal defect
35
Q

tetralogy of fallot

A

involves 4 distinct heart defects

  • pulmonary artery stenosis
  • ventricular septal defect
  • shift of aorta to right overriding septal defect
  • hypertrophied right ventricle
36
Q

congested heart failure (CHF/HF)

A

heart is unable to pump the required amount of blood

37
Q

coronary artery disease (CAD)

A

disease of the arteries surround the heart - usually the result of atherosclerosis

38
Q

thrombotic occlusion

A

coronary artery blocked, leading to coronary artery ischemia (with result of decreased blood flow to the heart muscle)

39
Q

acute coronary syndrome (ACS)

A

caused by myocardial ischemia

40
Q

unstable angina

A

chest pain at rest or with increasing requency

41
Q

NSTEMI

A

non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (non-occlusive thrombus)

42
Q

STEMI

A

ST elevation myocardial infarction (occlusive thrombus)

43
Q

endocarditis

A

inflammation within he heart (lining of the heart)

44
Q

mitral valve prolapse

A

improper closure of the mitral valve (the mitral valve enlarges and droops into the left atrium during systole)

45
Q

pericarditis

A

inflammation surround the heart

46
Q

CABG

A

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft

47
Q

aneurysm

A

dilation (ballooning) of artery

48
Q

DVT

A

deep vein thrombosis (blot clot forms in a large vein)

49
Q

PAD

A

peripheral arterial disease (blockage of arteries to legs, arms, kidneys, and other organs)

50
Q

Reynaud’s Disease

A

recurrent episode of pallor and cyanosis primarily in fingers and toes.

51
Q

varicose veins

A

abnormally swollen and twisted veins

52
Q

endarterectomy

A

surgical removal of plaque from within the inner layer of an artery

53
Q

PCI (stent)

A

percutaneous coronary intervention

Medical Terminology (21 decks)

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