Chapter 10: Nervous System Flashcards
(70 cards)
neurons (1)
nerve cells which carry electrical messages
acetylcholine
chemical which activates the cell membranes of neurons
nervous impulses
travel along the neurons
central nervous system
Brain and spinal cord
peripheral nervous system (1)
cranial nerves (12 pairs), spinal nerves (31 pairs), plexuses and peripheral nerves
plexus
large network of nerves in the peripheral nervous system
spinal and cranial nerves
contain sensory receptors (afferent) and motore receptors (efferent)
autonomic nervous system
nerve fibers that carry impulses way from the CNS to glands, heart, blood vessels, involuntary muscles.
sympathetic
stimulates body in times of stress/crisis
parasympathetic
slows down everything, except bowel and bladder
peripheral nervous system (2)
+ cranial nerves (12 pairs)
+ spinal nerves (31 pairs)
+ autonomic nerves (parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves)
neurons (2)
stimulus beings in the dendrite and travel in one direction from neuron to neuron
ganglion
small collection of nerve cells
axon
carries impulses away from the cell body
myelin sheath
fatty tissue that insulates axons and speeds transmission of impulse
synapse
space where nerve impulse jumps from one neuron to another
neurotransmitter
chemical substance \+ acetylcholine \+ norepinephrine \+ epinephrine \+ dopamine \+ serotonin \+ endorphins
glial cells
the supportive framework and help ward off infection
astroglial
blood brain barrier - protect nerve cells from potentially harmful substances
cerebrum
largest part, the thinking part of the brain
ventricles
containing watery fluid that flows throughout the Braine and around spinal cord
thalamus
relay station
hypothalamus
\+ body temperature \+ sleep \+ appetite \+ emotions \+controls pituitary gland
cerebellum
coordination of voluntary movement and balance
