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Medical Terminology > Chapter 7: The Respiratory System > Flashcards

Chapter 7: The Respiratory System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

atel/o

A

incomplete

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2
Q

bronch/o

bronchi/o

A

bronchus

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3
Q

cyan/o

A

blue

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4
Q

-ectasis

A

enlargement

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5
Q

laryng/o

A

larynx

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6
Q

ox/i
ox/o
ox/y

A

oxygen

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7
Q

pharyng/o

A

pharynx

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8
Q

phon/o

A

voice

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9
Q

pleur/o

A

pleura

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10
Q

-pnea

A

breathing

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11
Q

pneum/o
pneumon/o
pneu-

A

lungs or air

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12
Q

pulm/o

pulmon/o

A

lung

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13
Q

tachy-

A

rapid

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14
Q

thorac/o

-thorax

A

chest

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15
Q

trache/o

A

trachea

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16
Q

otolaryngologist

same as: otorhinolaryngologist

A

ENT

specializes in treating and diagnosing diseases/disorders of ears, nose and throat

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17
Q

pulmonologist

A

MD specializing in diagnosing/treating diseases/disorders of the lungs and associated tissues

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18
Q

respiratory therapist (RT)

A

provides Rx to ease/correct breathing problems

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19
Q

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

A

respiratory illnesses characterized by chronic airflow limitations

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20
Q

bronchiectasis

A

chronic enlargement of bronchi/bronchioles arising out of an earlier lung infection not cured

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21
Q

ectasis

A

enlargement

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22
Q

emphysema

A

loss of some alveoli and enlargement of the remaining ones, which causes difficulty in breathing and a barrel-shaped chest

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23
Q

allergic rhinitis (allergy)

A

allergic reaction to airborne allergens which cause an increased flow of mucus

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24
Q

croup

A

occurs in children/infants; acute obstruction of the larynx, hoarsening and a barking cough

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25
Q

diphtheria

A

acute bacterial infectious disease of the throat and upper respiratory tract (immunize!)

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26
Q

epistaxis

rhinorrhagia

A

nose bleed

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27
Q

pertussis
AKA
whooping cough

A

contagious bacterial infection of upper respiratory tract, characterized by a spasming cough

28
Q

rhinorrhea

A

runny nose!

excessive flow of mucus from the nose

29
Q

nasopharyngitis (URI)

A

upper respiratory infection-term used to describe a common cold

30
Q

sinusitis

A

inflammation of sinuses

31
Q

pharyngitis

A

inflammation of the pharynx

32
Q

pharyngorrhagia

A

bleeding from the pharynx

33
Q

pharyngorrhea

A

discharge of mucus from the pharynx

34
Q

laryngoplegia

A

paralysis of the larynx

35
Q

laryngospasm

A

sudden spasmodic closure of the larynx

36
Q

aphonia

A

loss of ability to speak normally

37
Q

dysphonia

A

any voice impairment - hoarseness, weakness or loss of voice

38
Q

laryngitis

A

inflammation of the larynx

39
Q

tracheitis

A

inflammation of the trachea

40
Q

tracheorrhagia

A

bleeding from trachea

41
Q

bronchitis

A

inflammation of bronchial walls; caused by infection, smoking, etc

42
Q

bronchorrhea

A

excessive discharge of mucus from the bronchi

43
Q

bronchorrhagia

A

bleeding from the bronchi

44
Q

pleurisy

A

inflammation of the pleura

45
Q

pneumothorax

A

air or gas in the pleural space causing lungs to collapse

46
Q

pleural effusion

A

escape of fluid into the pleural cavity (space between the visceral and parietal pleura)

47
Q

hemotorax

A

accumulation of blood in pleural cavity

48
Q

hemoptysis

A

spitting of blood/blood stained sputum

49
Q

ptysis

A

spitting

50
Q

pneumonia

A

inflammation of lungs where air sacs fill with pus or other liquid (exudate)

51
Q

bronchopneumonia

A

pneumonia begining in the bronchioles (bronchitis)

52
Q

tachypnea

A

abnormally rapid rate of respiration (more than 20bpm)

53
Q

bradypnea

A

abnormally slow rate of respiration (less than 10bpm)

54
Q

pnea

A

breathing

55
Q

apnea

A

absence of spontaneous respiration

56
Q

dyspnea

shortness of breath

A

difficult or labored breathing

57
Q

hyperpnea

A

abnormal increase in depth and rate of respiratory movements

58
Q

hypopnea

A

abnormal decrease in depth (shallow) and rate of repiration

59
Q

anoxia

A

absence of oxygen from either inspired gases, arterial blood or tissues; after 4 to 6 mins, irreversible brain damage can occur

60
Q

hypoxia

A

below normal oxygen levels in the cells-less severe than anoxia

61
Q

cyanosis

A

bluish discoloration of skin caused by lack of adequate oxygen

62
Q

tracheorrhaphy

A

suturing of the trachea

63
Q

tracheotomy

A

emergency - make incision into the trachea to gain access to the airway below a blockage

64
Q

tracheostomy

A

creating an opening into the trachea, then inserting a tube to help the passage of air/removal of secretions

65
Q

thoracentesis

A

puncture of chest wall to get fluid from pleural cavity (for diagnostic purposes, to drain pleural effusions, or to re-expand a collapsed lung)

66
Q

cystic fibrosis

A

genetic, lung clogged with large amounts of abnormally thick mucus; RX: antibiotics to control lung infections; daily PT- postural drainage done to remove excess mucus from lungs; thick, glue-like mucus also affects GIT’ digestive enzymes given to help this-see it in a lof of kids)

Medical Terminology (19 decks)

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