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Medical Terminology > Chapter 3: Skeletal System > Flashcards

Chapter 3: Skeletal System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

ankyl/o

A

crooked
bent
stiff

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2
Q

arthr/o

A

joint

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3
Q

pod

A

foot

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4
Q

chondr/o

A

cartilage

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5
Q

chondr/i

A

cartilage

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6
Q

cost/o

A

ribs

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7
Q

-al

A

pertaining to

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8
Q

-clasis

A

surgical break

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9
Q

-desis

A

surgical fixation of a bone or joint

-to bind, tie together

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10
Q

-lysis

A

loosening
setting free
breaking down
destroying

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11
Q

kyph/o

A

hump

bent

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12
Q

lord/o

A

swayback
bent
curved

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13
Q

crani/o

A

skull

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14
Q

oss/e

A

bone

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15
Q

oss/i

A

bone

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16
Q

ost/o

A

bone

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17
Q

oste/o

A

bone

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18
Q

myel/o

A

bone marrow

spinal cord

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19
Q

-poietic

sounds like: poy-E-tic

A

pertaining to formation

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20
Q

spondyl/o

A

vertebrae
back bone
spinal colomn

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21
Q

-um

A

noun ending

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22
Q

scoli/o

A

curved

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23
Q

synov/o

A

synovial membrane

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24
Q

synovi/o

A

synovial membrane

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25
Q

pro

A

small opnening

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26
Q

ankylosis

A

loss of mobility of joint (due t o disease, injury or surgery)

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27
Q

ankylosing spondylitis

A

form of RA with stiffening of spinal joints due to inflammation of vertebrae

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28
Q

arthro/centesis

A

surgical puncture to remove fluid from the joint

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29
Q

arthro/desis

A

fusion due to stiffening a joint or fuse spinal vertebrae

30
Q

arthrolysis

A

surgical loosening/setting free of a joint

31
Q

arthroplasty

A

surgical repair/replacement of the joints

32
Q

arthro/sclerosis

A

abnormal hardening of the joint-stiffness of the joints, especially in elderly

33
Q

arthro/scopy

A

visual examination of the joint using an arthroscope

34
Q

autologous

A

originates within (the PT) that individual

35
Q

allogenic

A

originating within another (as in transplants)

36
Q

bursectomy

A

surgical removal of a bursa (sac lined within synovial membrane)

37
Q

chiropractor

A

has a D.C. degree (doctor of chiropractic); specializes in manipulative treatment of disorders stemming from misalignment of the spine

38
Q

chondroma

A

slow growing benign tumor derived from cartilage cells

39
Q

costochondritis

A

inflammation of the cartilage connecting ribs to sternum

40
Q

chondromalacia

A

abnormal softening of the cartilage

41
Q

chondroplasty

A

surgical repair of the cartilage

42
Q

craniectomy

A

surgical removal of A PIECE of the skill (to relieve increased intracranial pressure or to treat craniostenosis)

43
Q

cranioplasty

A

surgical repair of the skull

44
Q

Ewing’s sarcoma

A

malignant cancer mostly affecting children/adolescents; occurs in long bones of limbs (spreads)

45
Q

hematopoietic OR

hemopoietic

A

pertaining to formation of the blood cells

46
Q

hemarthrosis

A

blood in joint space (after an injury or trauma to a joint)

47
Q

kyph/osis

A

abnormal increase in outward curve of thoratic spine

48
Q

laminectomy

A

surgical removal of the lamina of the vertebra

49
Q

lordosis

A

abnormal increase in forward curve of lumbar spine

“swayback spine”

50
Q

myeloma

A

malignant tumor made of cells derived from blood forming (hemopoietic) tissue of the bone marrow

51
Q

orthopedist

orthopedic surgeon

A

specialist dealing with bones, joints and muscles

52
Q

orthotic

A

orthopedic appliance such as leg, brace, splint, etc.

53
Q

osteo/arthritis (OA)

A

inflammation of the bones/joints - “wear and tare” arthritis; comes with aging

54
Q

osteo/chondr/oma

A

benign bony projection covered with cartilage (most common benign bone tumor)

55
Q

osteoclasis

A

surgical fracture/break of a bone to correct a deformaty

56
Q

osteomalacia

A

abnormal softening of bones in adults (rickets in adults)

57
Q

osteomyelitis

A

inflammation of bone marrow and the adjacent bone

58
Q

osteonecrosis

A

death of bone tissue due to insufficient blood supply

59
Q

osteoplasty

A

surgical repair of bones

60
Q

osteopenia

A

thinner than average bone density (precursor to osteoporosis)

61
Q

osteoporosis (OP)

A

loss of bone density and increase in bone porosity (with aging)

62
Q

osteorrhaphy

A

suturing/wiring of bones together

63
Q

periosteotomy

A

surgical incision through the periosteum (membrane) to the bone

64
Q

podiatrist

A

foot specialist

65
Q

RA

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis

66
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

autoimmune disease; symptoms are more severe than OA; swollen joints, etc.

67
Q

rheumatologist

A

specialist in diagnosing and treating RA

68
Q

scoliosis

A

abnormal lateral curvature of the spine (S shaped)

69
Q

Spina Bifida

A

congenital defect where the spinal canal doesn’t close around the spinal cord (? lack of folic acid in early pregnancy)

70
Q

synovitis

A

inflammation of the synovial membrane resulting in swelling and pain.

Medical Terminology (19 decks)

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