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Medical Terminology > Chapter 13: The Endocrine System > Flashcards

Chapter 13: The Endocrine System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

acr/o

A

extremities (limbs)

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2
Q

adren/o

A

ardenal glands

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3
Q

crin/o

A

secreat

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4
Q

-dipsia

A

thrist

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5
Q

gonad/o

A

gonads or sex glands

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6
Q

-ism

A

abnormal condition

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7
Q

pancreat/o

A

pancreas

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8
Q

parathyroid/o

A

parathyroid gland

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9
Q

pineal/o

A

pineal gland

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10
Q

pituit/o

A

pituitary

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11
Q

poly-

A

many

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12
Q

somat/o

A

body

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13
Q

thym/o

A

thymus; relationship to the soul or emotions

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14
Q

thyr/o

A

thyroid

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15
Q

thyroid/o

A

thyroid

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16
Q

-tropin

A

to stimulate

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17
Q

endocrineologist

A

specializes in diagnosis and treating disease/malfunction of the glands of internal secreation

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18
Q

GH

A

Growth Hormone

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19
Q

endocrinopathy

A

any disease due to a disorder of the endocrine system

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20
Q

hypercrinism

A

a condition caused by excessive secretion of ANY gland especially an endocrine gland

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21
Q

acro/megaly

A

enlargement of extremities due to excessive secreation of growth hormones after puberty
(GH secreted by the anterior lobe of pituitary gland)

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22
Q

gigantism

A

abnormal overgrowth of the body due to excessive secretion of GH before puberty

23
Q

hyperpituitaryism

A

pathology that causes excessive secretion by anterior love of pituitary

24
Q

polydispia

A

excessive thirst

25
Q

polyuria

A

excessive urination

26
Q

polyphagia

A

excessive hunger

27
Q

hyperthyroidism

A

excessive thyroid hormones in the blood

28
Q

hypothyroidism

A

under active thyroid; too little thyroid hormones secreted

29
Q

goiter AKA thyromegaly

A

abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland; front part of neck swells

30
Q

exopthalmos

A

abnormal protrusion of the eye (seen in goiter)

31
Q

hypoparathyroidism

A

insufficient/absent secretion of parathyroid glands with accompanying hypocalcemia

32
Q

hypocalcemia

A

abnormally low levels of calcium in the blood

33
Q

tetany

A

abnormal condition with periodic painful muscle spasms (cramps)

34
Q

parathyroidectomy

A

removal of one or more of the parathyroid glands; done to control hyperparathyroidism

35
Q

adrenalitis

A

inflammation of the adrenal glands

36
Q

hyperglycemia

A

abnormally high concentration of glucose in the blood; symptoms: excessive urination and thirst

37
Q

hypoglycemia

A

abnormally low concentration of glucose in the blood

38
Q

pancreatalgia

A

pain in the pancrease

39
Q

diabetes mellitus

A

group of metabolic diseases characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA resulting from a defect in insulin secretion, insulin action or both

40
Q

thymitis

A

inflammation of the thymus

41
Q

thymectomy

A

surgical removal of the thymus

42
Q

hypergonadism

A

condition of excessive secretion of hormones by the sex glands

43
Q

hypogonadism

A

deficient secretion of hormones by the sex glands

44
Q

gynecomastia

A

condition of excessive mammary deviation in the male

45
Q

gyneco

A

female

46
Q

mast

A

breast

47
Q

ACTH

A

controls adrenal glands

48
Q

FSH

A

in women, stimulates secretion of estrogen and growth of eggs in ovaries; in men, production of sperm in testicles

49
Q

GH

A

regulates growth of bone, muscle, and other body tissues

50
Q

LTH

A

(prolactin) stimulates/maintains secretion of breast milk after child birth

51
Q

LH

A

stimulates ovulation in women; in men, stimulates testosterone secretion

52
Q

MSH

A

(melanotropin) increase pigmentation of skin

53
Q

TSH

A

stimulates growth and secretion of thyroid gland

Medical Terminology (19 decks)

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