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Micobiology > Chapter 7 - The Chemistry of Carbon and Organic Compounds > Flashcards

Chapter 7 - The Chemistry of Carbon and Organic Compounds Flashcards

1
Q

Compounds containing carbon bonded to hydrogens

A

Organic chemicals

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2
Q

Carbon is the fundamental element of ____

A

Life

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3
Q
  • Contains 4 atoms in its outer orbital
  • Can form single, double, or triple covalent bonds
  • Can form linear, branched, or ringed molecules
A

Carbon

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4
Q

Monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides

A

Carbohydrates

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5
Q

Triglycerides (fats and oils), phospholipids, steroids

A

Lipids

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6
Q

DNA, RNA, ATP

A

Nucleic acids

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7
Q

What are macromolecules?

A
  • Carbohydrates
  • Lipids
  • Proteins
  • Nucleic acids
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8
Q

Sugars and polysaccharides

A

Carbohydrates

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9
Q

Simple carbohydrate

A

Saccharide

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10
Q

Less than 7 carbons

A

Monosaccharide

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11
Q

Two monosaccharides

A

Disaccharide

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12
Q

Five or more

A

Polysaccharide

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13
Q

Subunits linked by glycosidic bonds

A

Carbohydrates

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14
Q

Loss of water in a polymerization reaction

A

Dehydration synthesis

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15
Q

What are the functions of carbohydrates?

A

Cell structure, adhesion, and metabolism

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16
Q

Long or complex, hydrophobic, C - H chains

A

Lipids

17
Q

Includes: triglycerides, phospholipids in membranes, steroids like cholesterol

A

Lipids

18
Q

Energy storage

A

Triglycerides

19
Q

Major cell membrane component

A

Phospholipid

20
Q

Cell membrane component

A

Steroids

21
Q

Membrane molecules

A

Phospholipids

22
Q

Predominant molecules in cells

A

Proteins

23
Q
  • Monomer – amino acids – 20

- Polymer – peptide, polypeptide, protein

A

Proteins

24
Q

Subunits linked by peptide bonds

A

Proteins

25
Q

Fold into very specific (unique) 3-D shapes

A

Proteins

26
Q

What are the functions of proteins?

A
  • Support
  • Enzymes
  • Transport
  • Defense
  • Movement
27
Q

Include DNA and RNA

A

Nucleic Acids

28
Q

Made up of nucleotides (sugar, N-base and phosphate group)

A

Nucleic Acids

29
Q

What does DNA stand for?

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid

30
Q

Deoxyribose and A,T,C,G

A

Nitrogenous bases for DNA

31
Q

Double helix

A

DNA

32
Q

Hereditary material

A

DNA

33
Q

What does RNA stand for?

A

Ribonucleic acid

34
Q

Ribose and A,U,C,G

A

Nitrogen bases of RNA

35
Q

Protein synthesis

A

RNA

Micobiology (15 decks)

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