Chapter 7 - The Chemistry of Carbon and Organic Compounds

Question 1

Compounds containing carbon bonded to hydrogens

Answer 1

Organic chemicals

Question 2

Carbon is the fundamental element of ____

Answer 2

Life

Question 3

• Contains 4 atoms in its outer orbital
• Can form single, double, or triple covalent bonds
• Can form linear, branched, or ringed molecules

Answer 3

Carbon

Question 4

Monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides

Answer 4

Carbohydrates

Question 5

Triglycerides (fats and oils), phospholipids, steroids

Answer 5

Lipids

Question 6

DNA, RNA, ATP

Answer 6

Nucleic acids

Question 7

What are macromolecules?

Answer 7

• Carbohydrates
• Lipids
• Proteins
• Nucleic acids

Question 8

Sugars and polysaccharides

Answer 8

Carbohydrates

Question 9

Simple carbohydrate

Answer 9

Saccharide

Question 10

Less than 7 carbons

Answer 10

Monosaccharide

Question 11

Two monosaccharides

Answer 11

Disaccharide

Question 12

Five or more

Answer 12

Polysaccharide

Question 13

Subunits linked by glycosidic bonds

Answer 13

Carbohydrates

Question 14

Loss of water in a polymerization reaction

Answer 14

Dehydration synthesis

Question 15

What are the functions of carbohydrates?

Answer 15

Cell structure, adhesion, and metabolism

Question 16

Long or complex, hydrophobic, C - H chains

Answer 16

Lipids

Question 17

Includes: triglycerides, phospholipids in membranes, steroids like cholesterol

Answer 17

Lipids

Question 18

Energy storage

Answer 18

Triglycerides

Question 19

Major cell membrane component

Answer 19

Phospholipid

Question 20

Cell membrane component

Answer 20

Steroids

Question 21

Membrane molecules

Answer 21

Phospholipids

Question 22

Predominant molecules in cells

Answer 22

Proteins

Question 23

• Monomer – amino acids – 20

- Polymer – peptide, polypeptide, protein

Answer 23

Proteins

Question 24

Subunits linked by peptide bonds

Answer 24

Proteins

Question 25

Fold into very specific (unique) 3-D shapes

Answer 25

Proteins

Question 26

What are the functions of proteins?

Answer 26

• Support
• Enzymes
• Transport
• Defense
• Movement

Question 27

Include DNA and RNA

Answer 27

Nucleic Acids

Question 28

Made up of nucleotides (sugar, N-base and phosphate group)

Answer 28

Nucleic Acids

Question 29

What does DNA stand for?

Answer 29

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 30

Deoxyribose and A,T,C,G

Answer 30

Nitrogenous bases for DNA

Question 31

Double helix

Answer 31

DNA

Question 32

Hereditary material

Answer 32

DNA

Question 33

What does RNA stand for?

Answer 33

Ribonucleic acid

Question 34

Ribose and A,U,C,G

Answer 34

Nitrogen bases of RNA

Question 35

Protein synthesis

Answer 35

RNA