Chapter 7 - Neoplasms and Cysts (Oncology)

Question 1

How is growth regulated?

Answer 1

By genetic program and growth-promoting and/or growth-inhibiting factors

Question 2

What are Cellular Alterations?

Answer 2

Permanent cellular changes triggered by adverse conditions

Question 3

Are cellular changes neoplastic?

Answer 3

No

Question 4

What does neo-plastic mean?

Answer 4

New growth changes

Question 5

What is a list of Non- neoplastic changes?

Answer 5

Atrophy
Hypertrophy 
Hyperplasia 
Dysplasia 
Metaplasia

Question 6

What is a Tumor Neoplasm?

Answer 6

The abnormal excessive and uncontrolled multiplication of cells with the formation of a mass or new growth of tissue

Question 7

How is a tumor caused?

Answer 7

By genetic mutation due to exposure to carcinogens

Question 8

What are the examples of Carcinogens that would lead to a tumor?

Answer 8

Genetic Disposition 
Microbial Carncinogen 
Radioactive Factors  
Chemical Carcinogen 
Hormones 
Animal Carcinogens 
Personal Risk Behaviors

Question 9

What are the classifications of Neoplasms?

Answer 9

Benign Neoplasm - Oma

Malignant Neoplasm - Carcinoma

Question 10

What is a Scar?

Answer 10

A mark left in the skin or an internal organ by the healing of a wound, sore, or injury; Connective Tissue

Question 11

What are the causes of Benign Tumors?

Answer 11

Trauma
Infections
Degenerative disorders
Inflammatory diseases

Question 12

What does NOT happen with Benign Neoplasms?

Answer 12

They Dont: 
Migrate 
Return  after surgical removal 
Cause extensive tissue damage 
Cause whole body changes 
Become fatal

Question 13

A group of closely packed cells that cover surfaces, line body cavities, and form secretory parts of glands

Answer 13

Epithelial Tissue

Question 14

What is an Adenoma?

Answer 14

A neoplasm formed by glandular epithelium

Question 15

Circumscribed overgrowth or hypertrophy of the papillae of a cutaneous or mucous surface?

Answer 15

Papilloma

Question 16

Circumscribed vascular tumor of the skin or other body organs due to HYPERPLASIA of the blood vessels

Answer 16

Nevus

Question 17

What is a Polyp?

Answer 17

A growth or mass of tissue that protrudes from a mucous membrane

Question 18

Osteoma

Answer 18

Bone Tumor

Question 19

Chondroma

Answer 19

Cartilage Tumor in Benign Tumors

Question 20

Lipoma

Answer 20

Adipose tissue - Benign Tumor

Question 21

Angioma

Answer 21

Blood vessel or
lymph vessel tumor
Benign Tumor

Question 22

Hematoma

Answer 22

Tumor-like swelling filled with blood

Benign Tumor

Question 23

Fibroma

Answer 23

Fibrous, encapsulated tissue; irregular in shape

Benign tumor

Question 24

What is Connective Tissue?

Answer 24

Loosely arranged cells and fibers that have nerve and blood supply; they connect together

Question 25

Something that grows from the mastoid process producing and external swelling

Answer 25

Mastoid Osteoma

Question 26

Lipoblastoma

Answer 26

Uncommon, usually recurrent benign tumor of embryonic adipose tissues that occurs predominantly in children

Question 27

Painless, slowly growing, solid tumor that distorts shape of tissue; resembles a cauliflower ear

Answer 27

Chondroma of auricle

Question 28

Highly vascular tissue that allows movement of body parts and materials through tubes

Answer 28

Muscle Tissue

Question 29

Striated muscle tissue tumor usually infants and young children, heart disorders BENIGN

Answer 29

Rhabdomyoma

Question 30

Smooth muscle tissue tumor - BENIGN

Answer 30

Leiomyoma

Question 31

Form processes, recognize environmental changes, drives responses

Answer 31

Nervous Tissue

Question 32

Neuroma

Answer 32

Tumor composed of nerve cells

Question 33

What is a Sarcoma?

Answer 33

A tumor arising from connective tissue

Question 34

Osteosarcoma

Answer 34

Bone tumor - MALIGNANT

Question 35

Chondrosarcoma

Answer 35

Cartilage tumor in Maligant tumors

Question 36

Liposarcoma

Answer 36

Adipose tissue sarcoma | MALIGNANT

Question 37

Angiosarcoma

Answer 37

Tumor of vascular endothelial cells | MALIGNANT

Question 38

Tumor formed by fibrous tissue | MALIGNANT

Answer 38

Fibrosarcoma

Question 39

Tumor of the lymphatic system that arise in the lymph nodes or in other lymphoid tissues

Answer 39

Lymphoma

Question 40

Tumor of the blood

Answer 40

Leukemia

Question 41

Rhabdomyosarcoma

Answer 41

Tumor of striated muscle tissue | MALIGNANT

Question 42

Leiomyosarcoma

Answer 42

Tumor of smooth muscle tissue | MALIGNANT

Question 43

What is Glioma?

Answer 43

Sarcoma of neurological origin; tumor composed of neuroglial cells

Question 44

Sacs within the body surface containing air or fluid

Answer 44

Cysts

Question 45

Overian Cyst

Answer 45

Benign, fluid filled sacs on or near the ovary

Question 46

Physiologic Ovarian Cysts

Answer 46

Forming on normally functioning, ovaries, most common , may become very large

Question 47

Neoplastic Ovarian Cysts

Answer 47

Abnormal type not related to function

Question 48

The Symptoms of an Ovarian Cyst

Answer 48

Low back Pain Pelvic Pain Dyspareunia

Question 49

A sebaceus gland that produces sebum and then becomes blocked and sebum collects under the skin

Answer 49

Sebaceous Cyst

Question 50

What does Melanoma arise from?

Answer 50

Melanocytes

Question 51

Transitional cell Carcinoma

Answer 51

Carcinoma of the urinary system

Question 52

Melanoma

Answer 52

A malignant pigmented mole Least common, but most serious Can Metasticize if untreated

Question 53

Squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 53

Tumor of epidermal squamous cells

Question 54

Tumor of the basal cells

Answer 54

Basal cell carcinoma

Question 55

Adenocarcinoma

Answer 55

Arising from glandular organs

Question 56

Transitional cell carcinoma

Answer 56

Tumor of the urinary System

Question 57

Fluid- filled cyst that causes a bulge and a feeling of tightness behind your knee

Answer 57

Baker Cyst

Question 58

Round or oval noncancerous lumps typically filled with a jelly fluid

Answer 58

Ganglion Cysts

Question 59

Noninfectious blockage and swelling of the oil gland; Changes to a painless lump in the eyelid center

Answer 59

Chalazion

Question 60

Infection in the oil gland; Painful lump in the eyelid margin

Answer 60

Stye

Question 61

The fluid that oozes through the tissues into a cavity or to the surface

Answer 61

Exudate

Question 62

Facultative Aerobe

Answer 62

Prefers NO oxygen, but can live and grow in oxygen if need be

Question 63

Facultative Anaerobe

Answer 63

Prefers an oxygen environment, but can live and grow in its absence

Question 64

Facultative Bacteria

Answer 64

Having the ability to live or adapt to certain areas

Question 65

Faculatative Saprophyte

Answer 65

Prefers live organic matter, but can adapt to leaving off dead organic things

Question 66

An encapsulated tumor composed mainly of fibrous connective tissue

Answer 66

Fibroma

Question 67

What is a Focal Infection?

Answer 67

One in which the organisms are originally confined to one area but enter the blood or lymph vessels

Question 68

Any inanimate object to which infectious material adheres and can be transmitted

Answer 68

Fomite

Question 69

Having rapid and severe onset, usually fatal

Answer 69

Fulminating

Question 70

A condition or disease in which there is no recognizable change in anatomy

Answer 70

Functional

Question 71

A group of diverse and widespread unicellular and multi cellular organisms

Answer 71

Fungus

Question 72

What is a Furuncle?

Answer 72

An abscess or pyogenic infection of a sweat

Question 73

A form of Necrosis combined with putrefaction?

Answer 73

Gangrene

Question 74

A parenchymatous nephritis with pronounced lesions in the glomeruli

Answer 74

Glomerulonephritis

Question 75

An infection that becomes sytemic

Answer 75

General Infection

Question 76

What means generation?

Answer 76

Genesis