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Pathology for Mortuary Science > Chapter 7 - Neoplasms and Cysts (Oncology) > Flashcards

Chapter 7 - Neoplasms and Cysts (Oncology) Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How is growth regulated?

A

By genetic program and growth-promoting and/or growth-inhibiting factors

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2
Q

What are Cellular Alterations?

A

Permanent cellular changes triggered by adverse conditions

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3
Q

Are cellular changes neoplastic?

A

No

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4
Q

What does neo-plastic mean?

A

New growth changes

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5
Q

What is a list of Non- neoplastic changes?

A 
Atrophy
Hypertrophy 
Hyperplasia 
Dysplasia 
Metaplasia
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6
Q

What is a Tumor Neoplasm?

A

The abnormal excessive and uncontrolled multiplication of cells with the formation of a mass or new growth of tissue

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7
Q

How is a tumor caused?

A

By genetic mutation due to exposure to carcinogens

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8
Q

What are the examples of Carcinogens that would lead to a tumor?

A 
Genetic Disposition 
Microbial Carncinogen 
Radioactive Factors  
Chemical Carcinogen 
Hormones 
Animal Carcinogens 
Personal Risk Behaviors
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9
Q

What are the classifications of Neoplasms?

A

Benign Neoplasm - Oma

Malignant Neoplasm - Carcinoma

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10
Q

What is a Scar?

A

A mark left in the skin or an internal organ by the healing of a wound, sore, or injury; Connective Tissue

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11
Q

What are the causes of Benign Tumors?

A

Trauma
Infections
Degenerative disorders
Inflammatory diseases

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12
Q

What does NOT happen with Benign Neoplasms?

A 
They Dont: 
Migrate 
Return  after surgical removal 
Cause extensive tissue damage 
Cause whole body changes 
Become fatal
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13
Q

A group of closely packed cells that cover surfaces, line body cavities, and form secretory parts of glands

A

Epithelial Tissue

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14
Q

What is an Adenoma?

A

A neoplasm formed by glandular epithelium

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15
Q

Circumscribed overgrowth or hypertrophy of the papillae of a cutaneous or mucous surface?

A

Papilloma

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16
Q

Circumscribed vascular tumor of the skin or other body organs due to HYPERPLASIA of the blood vessels

A

Nevus

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17
Q

What is a Polyp?

A

A growth or mass of tissue that protrudes from a mucous membrane

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18
Q

Osteoma

A

Bone Tumor

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19
Q

Chondroma

A

Cartilage Tumor in Benign Tumors

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20
Q

Lipoma

A

Adipose tissue - Benign Tumor

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21
Q

Angioma

A

Blood vessel or
lymph vessel tumor
Benign Tumor

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22
Q

Hematoma

A

Tumor-like swelling filled with blood

Benign Tumor

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23
Q

Fibroma

A

Fibrous, encapsulated tissue; irregular in shape

Benign tumor

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24
Q

What is Connective Tissue?

A

Loosely arranged cells and fibers that have nerve and blood supply; they connect together

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25
Q

Something that grows from the mastoid process producing and external swelling

A

Mastoid Osteoma

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26
Q

Lipoblastoma

A

Uncommon, usually recurrent benign tumor of embryonic adipose tissues that occurs predominantly in children

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27
Q

Painless, slowly growing, solid tumor that distorts shape of tissue; resembles a cauliflower ear

A

Chondroma of auricle

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28
Q

Highly vascular tissue that allows movement of body parts and materials through tubes

A

Muscle Tissue

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29
Q

Striated muscle tissue tumor usually infants and young children, heart
disorders
BENIGN

A

Rhabdomyoma

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30
Q

Smooth muscle tissue tumor - BENIGN

A

Leiomyoma

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31
Q

Form processes, recognize environmental changes, drives responses

A

Nervous Tissue

32
Q

Neuroma

A

Tumor composed of nerve cells

33
Q

What is a Sarcoma?

A

A tumor arising from connective tissue

34
Q

Osteosarcoma

A

Bone tumor - MALIGNANT

35
Q

Chondrosarcoma

A

Cartilage tumor in Maligant tumors

36
Q

Liposarcoma

A

Adipose tissue sarcoma

MALIGNANT

37
Q

Angiosarcoma

A

Tumor of vascular endothelial cells

MALIGNANT

38
Q

Tumor formed by fibrous tissue

MALIGNANT

A

Fibrosarcoma

39
Q

Tumor of the lymphatic system that arise in the lymph nodes or in other lymphoid tissues

A

Lymphoma

40
Q

Tumor of the blood

A

Leukemia

41
Q

Rhabdomyosarcoma

A

Tumor of striated muscle tissue

MALIGNANT

42
Q

Leiomyosarcoma

A

Tumor of smooth muscle tissue

MALIGNANT

43
Q

What is Glioma?

A

Sarcoma of neurological origin; tumor composed of neuroglial cells

44
Q

Sacs within the body surface containing air or fluid

A

Cysts

45
Q

Overian Cyst

A

Benign, fluid filled sacs on or near the ovary

46
Q

Physiologic Ovarian Cysts

A

Forming on normally functioning, ovaries, most common , may become very large

47
Q

Neoplastic Ovarian Cysts

A

Abnormal type not related to function

48
Q

The Symptoms of an Ovarian Cyst

A

Low back Pain
Pelvic Pain
Dyspareunia

49
Q

A sebaceus gland that produces sebum and then becomes blocked and sebum collects under the skin

A

Sebaceous Cyst

50
Q

What does Melanoma arise from?

A

Melanocytes

51
Q

Transitional cell Carcinoma

A

Carcinoma of the urinary system

52
Q

Melanoma

A

A malignant pigmented mole
Least common, but most serious
Can Metasticize if untreated

53
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma

A

Tumor of epidermal squamous cells

54
Q

Tumor of the basal cells

A

Basal cell carcinoma

55
Q

Adenocarcinoma

A

Arising from glandular organs

56
Q

Transitional cell carcinoma

A

Tumor of the urinary System

57
Q

Fluid- filled cyst that causes a bulge and a feeling of tightness behind your knee

A

Baker Cyst

58
Q

Round or oval noncancerous lumps typically filled with a jelly fluid

A

Ganglion Cysts

59
Q

Noninfectious blockage and swelling of the oil gland; Changes to a painless lump in the eyelid center

A

Chalazion

60
Q

Infection in the oil gland; Painful lump in the eyelid margin

A

Stye

61
Q

The fluid that oozes through the tissues into a cavity or to the surface

A

Exudate

62
Q

Facultative Aerobe

A

Prefers NO oxygen, but can live and grow in oxygen if need be

63
Q

Facultative Anaerobe

A

Prefers an oxygen environment, but can live and grow in its absence

64
Q

Facultative Bacteria

A

Having the ability to live or adapt to certain areas

65
Q

Faculatative Saprophyte

A

Prefers live organic matter, but can adapt to leaving off dead organic things

66
Q

An encapsulated tumor composed mainly of fibrous connective tissue

A

Fibroma

67
Q

What is a Focal Infection?

A

One in which the organisms are originally confined to one area but enter the blood or lymph vessels

68
Q

Any inanimate object to which infectious material adheres and can be transmitted

A

Fomite

69
Q

Having rapid and severe onset, usually fatal

A

Fulminating

70
Q

A condition or disease in which there is no recognizable change in anatomy

A

Functional

71
Q

A group of diverse and widespread unicellular and multi cellular organisms

A

Fungus

72
Q

What is a Furuncle?

A

An abscess or pyogenic infection of a sweat

73
Q

A form of Necrosis combined with putrefaction?

A

Gangrene

74
Q

A parenchymatous nephritis with pronounced lesions in the glomeruli

A

Glomerulonephritis

75
Q

An infection that becomes sytemic

A

General Infection

76
Q

What means generation?

A

Genesis

Pathology for Mortuary Science (18 decks)

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