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Pathology for Mortuary Science > Chapter 12 - Diseases of the Nervous System > Flashcards

Chapter 12 - Diseases of the Nervous System Flashcards

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1
Q

What do the ventricles in the brain produce?

A

Cerebrospinal Fluid

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2
Q

Where does the CSF circulation start from?

A

From the two lateral ventricles through intraventricular foramina

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3
Q

Where does the third ventricle go through?

A

Cerebral aqueduct into the 4th ventricle

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4
Q

Where does the 4th Ventricle go through?

A

Through the lateral and medial apertures

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5
Q

The loss of cerebral control following injury; An immediate and temporary disturbance of brain functions

A

Concussion

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6
Q

A crushing compression of the brain that leads to hemorrhaging and swelling

A

Contusion

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7
Q

A cutting wound that penetrates the skull; Results in bleeding

A

Laceration

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8
Q

A hemorrhage that is due to a fracture or trauma to the head; Blood starts to pool. If unrelieved could die in days or weeks

A

Extradural Hemorrhage

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9
Q

Three Types of Intracranial Hemorrhages?

A

Extradural, Subdural and Subarachnoid

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10
Q

More severe fracture or injury in the intracranial hemorrhage; Death within a few days

A

Subdural hemorrhage

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11
Q

Most severe intracranial; Rapid bleeding in the brain; Death within hours

A

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

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12
Q

Inflammation of the membranes of the brain or spinal cord

A

Meningitis

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13
Q

Life threatening form of meningitis that could cause epidemic meningitis

A

Bacterial Meningitis

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14
Q

Most common form of meningitis for people with impaired immune systems

A

Fungal Meningitis

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15
Q

The causes of Meningitis?

A

Viruses
Fungi
Protozoans
Cancers

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16
Q

The main symptom of Meningitis?

A

Stiff neck

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17
Q

Temporary lack of circulation to a part of the brain; Could cause ischemia?

A

Transient Ischemic Attack

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18
Q

What is the main side effect of Transient Ischemic Attacks?

A

Mini Strokes

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19
Q

An apoplexy/ Stroke; The Sudden death of some brain cells due to lack of oxygen caused by a blockage or rupture of an artery in the brain

A

Cerebrovascular Accident

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20
Q

What does the Cerebrovascular Accident all depend on?

A

The size of the hemorrhage

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21
Q

What is the most common symptom of a Cerebrovascular Accident?

A

Weakness or paralysis of one side of the body with partial or complete loss of voluntary movement

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22
Q

Inflammation of the brain

A

Encephalitis

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23
Q

The symptoms of Encephalitis?

A

Swelling of the brain
Fever
Headache

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24
Q

Acute inflammation of the brain and spinal cord

A

Encephalomyelitis

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25
Q

Late stages of syphilis often affect the brain and spinal cord

A

Neurosyphilis

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26
Q

The damage to the brain in neurosyphilis is what?

A

General Paresis

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27
Q

What is the damage to the spinal cord in neurosyphilis?

A

Tabes Dorsalis

28
Q

Inflmmation of a nerve or nerves

A

Neuritis

29
Q

The three main symptoms of Neuritis?

A

Hyperesthesia
Paresthia
Dysesthesia

30
Q

Mass of immune cells, pus, and other material draining into deeper brain tissue

A

Cerebral Abscess

31
Q

What is the result of a Cerebral Abscess?

A

Necrosis of healthy brain tissue; Encephalomalacia

32
Q

Inflammation of the spinal cord

A

PolioMyelitis

33
Q

Acute viral infection of the central nervous system of warm blooded animals

A

Rabies

34
Q

The biggest result of Rabies?

A

Hydrophobia

35
Q

Bacterial disease that effects the nervous system

A

Tetanus

36
Q

What are the toxins in tetanus attached to?

A

Motor Neurons

37
Q

Chronic neurogenic disease marked by sudden alterations in consciousness and convulsions

A

Epilepsy

38
Q

A small seizure where you lose consciousness for only a few seconds

A

Petit mal Seizure

39
Q

A larger seizure where you lose consciousness for a few minutes. May result in cyanosis and you will turn blue some

A

Grand mal Seizure

40
Q

Progressive and fatal brain disease due to formation of protein plaques or tangles of nerve fibers that interfere with communication between nerve cells in the brain

A

Alzheimers

41
Q

Most common form of dementia?

A

Alzheimers

42
Q

The most common symptom of Alzheimers?

A

Amnesia (Short term memory loss)

43
Q

External surface of the brain with widened sulci and narrowed gyri mostly over frontal and parietal regions

A

Cerebral Atrophy

44
Q

Lou Gehrigs Disease; Caused by destruction of both upper and lower motor neurons

A

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; ALS

45
Q

Degenerative disorder of the central nervous system basal ganglia causing faulty nerve signal transmission

A

Parkinson’s Disease

46
Q

What is the cause of Parkinson’s disease?

A

Insufficient dopamine

47
Q

Disease of the nervous system; remissions and relapse Hardening or sclerosis scattered throughout the grey and white matters of the brain stem and the spinal cord

A

Multiple Sclerosis

48
Q

What gets attacked in Multiple Sclerosis?

A

Attacks its own Myelin

49
Q

The main symptom of Multiple Sclerosis?

A

Loss of coordination

50
Q

Rare, degenerative brain disorder where the protein Prion is folded abnormally

A

Creutzfeldt -Jakob Disease

51
Q

Motor disturbance present at birth, usually due to a congenital birth defect or trauma

A

Cerebral Palsy

52
Q

Excessive accumulation of CSF in the ventricles of the brain

A

Hydrocephalus

53
Q

Brain and spinal cord tumor

A

Neoplasms

54
Q

Tumors that originate in the neuroglia of the brain

A

Gliomas

55
Q

Type of Glioma; Astrocytes in the brain or spinal cord

A

Astrocytomas

56
Q

Tumor of meninges

A

Meningioma

57
Q

Malignant tumor of one or both eyes

A

Retinoblastoma

58
Q

Renal Calculus or gravel

A

Nephrolithiasis

59
Q

Prefix meaning kidney

A

Nephr

60
Q

Suffix meaning pain

A

Odynia

61
Q

Suffix meaning like

A

Oid

62
Q

Prefix meaning few

A

Oligo

63
Q

Diminished amount of urine production

A

Oliguria

64
Q

Suffix meaning tumor

A

Oma

65
Q

Inflammation of an ovary

A

Oophoritis

66
Q

A condition or disease in which there is a change in anatomy

A

Organic

67
Q

Suffix meaning full of

A

Osis

Pathology for Mortuary Science (18 decks)

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