Chapter 10 - Diseases of the Digestive System Flashcards
Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the mouth
Stomatitis
Inflammation of the gums
Gingivitis
A painful bacterial infection of the mouth and ulceration of gums that has is also known as trench mouth
Vincent’s Angina
Inflammation of the tongue
Glossitis
How does Glossitis happen?
When you have large amounts of candida yeast in your system. It leads to thrush.
Inflammation of the parotid glands (salivary glands)
Parotitis
Canker sores; Tiny ulcers with red areola on mucosa of mouth
Apthous Stomatitis
Inflammation of the mucous membrane and underlying parts of the pharynx
Pharyngitis
What bacteria are in Pharyngitis?
Streptococcus bacteria
The crypts of pus that give tonsils the white appearance are called what?
Retropharyngeal abscess
Highly contagious infection; spread by sneezing, coughing
Scarlet Fever
What are the two main symptoms of Scarlet Fever?
Sore throat
Strawberry Tongue
What could Scarlet Fever potentially lead to ?
Rheumatic Fever
Glomerulonephritis
Inflammation of the esophagus
Esophagitis
When a scar tissue forms ad it turns into a blockage or stenosis?
Chronic Esophagitis
When the tissue in the esophagus is replaced with tissue similar to intestinal lining
Barrett’s Esophagus
What could spread in the esophagus?
Squamos cell carcinoma
Inflammation of the stomach
Gasteritis
What bacteria can survive and causes Gasteritis?
Helicobacter Pylori
An open sore or lesion of mucous membrane accompanied by sloughing of inflamed necrotic tissue?
Ulcer
A lesion in the lining of the digestive system
Peptic Ulcer
Abnormal constriction of the pyloric valve
Pyloric valve stenosis
What is a stomach neoplasm?
Stomach cancer
Inflammation of the intestines
Intestine Enteritis
What organ usually has enteritis?
Small Intestines
What is the most common etiology of Enteritis?
Salmonella
Bacterial Infection by Salmonella
Salmonellosis
Abnormal protrusion of an organ or part of an organ through an abnormal opening in the wall of the cavity containing the organ
Hernia
Most common form of Hernia?
Umbilical
When a hernia moves upwards into the diaphragm?
Diaphragmatic hernia
Inflammation of the mucous membrane
Colitis
Erosion in the lining of the rectum and lower part of the colon
Ulcerative Colitis
Inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract anywhere from the esophagus to the anus
Crohns Disease
The presence of a number of small bulging sacs pushing outward from the colon
Diverticulosis
Inflammation of the diverticula in the colon
Diverticulitis
Inflammation of the rectum and anus
Proctitis
Painful, inflamed veins around the anus or lower rectum
Hemorrhoids
Bacterial infection by shigella
Shigellosis
Malignant neoplasm that affect colon and rectum
Colorectal Cancer
Inflammation of the appendix
Appendicitis
Wormlike structure attached to the cecum
Appendix
Inflammation of the membrane lining the abdominal cavity
Peritonitis
Inflammation of the Liver
Hepatitis
A liver infection which leads to hepatic cell destruction
Viral Hepatitis
The type of Hepatitis that is mild and spread by contaminated food or water
Type A
Spread through saliva, semen. Increased chance of cirrhosis or liver cancer
Type B of Hepatitis
Spread through blood transfusion, shared needles; causes chronic hepatitis
Type C of Hepatitis
A degeneration or atrophy if the parenchyma cells of an organ with hypertrophy
Cirrhosis
Liver cell necrosis where the liver tissue dies over time
Portal Cirrhosis
Due to the damaged bile ducts in the liver; Liver turns green
Biliary (Focal) Cirrhosis
What is one of the biggest cirrhosis causes?
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Where does hepatocellular carcinoma start?
In hepatocytes
Where does Cholangiocarcinoma start?
In bile ducts of the liver
What is the most common liver tumor?
Metastatic Carcinoma
Liver enzyme for catabolism of phenylalaline is missing
Phenylketonuria
A liver defect where the receptors in liver dont hold low density lipoprotein
Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Inflammation of the gall bladder
Cholecystitis
Presence of one or more calculi (gallstones) in the gallbladder
Cholelithiasis
Inflammation of the bile ducts; applies to inflammation of any part of the bile ducts, which carry bile from the liver to gall bladder and intestines
Cholangitis
Inflammation of pancreas
Pancreatitis
Blocked by gallstones
Bile duct
Intestines twists on itself
Volvulus
One part of the intestine slipping into a previous segment of the intestine
Intussuseception
A tumor composed of fatty tissue
Lipoma
Suffix meaning stone
Lith
Malignancy of lymphoid tissue
Lymphoma
Prefix meaning bad
Mal
Suffic meaning softening
Malacia
A living organism or an object that is capable of transmitting infections by carrying the disease agent on its external body parts
Mechanical vector
Blood in stool
Melena