Chapter 7 - Memory

Question 1

Sensory Register

Answer 1

(Sperling), measured with tachstoscope (1/20th of a second), iconic memory, echoic memory, eidetic memory

Question 2

Iconic memory

Answer 2

VIsual, very limited capacity, subliminal messaging

Question 3

Echoic memory

Answer 3

Auditory, echoes in your head, longer then iconic

Question 4

Short term memory

Answer 4

less than 1 minutes, serial position effect, very limited capacity, miller studied with phone numbers

Question 5

Serial Position effect

Answer 5

upside down parabola, y axis: % who recall. X-axis: words in a series

Question 6

Primacy effect

Answer 6

We remember the beginning of the list better

Question 7

Proactive interference

Answer 7

forgetting something that you recently learned because of a previous memory. Forgetting what you just learned

Question 8

Retroactive interference

Answer 8

is when we forget something that we already learned due to a new memory. forgetting the past

Question 9

Recency effect

Answer 9

Opposite of primacy effect, remember the most recent info

Question 10

Evolutionary reason for short term memory?

Answer 10

Communication and holding sentences in your mind

Question 11

Long term memory

Answer 11

1 minute –> rest of your life = long term. Episodic, semantic, procedural

Question 12

Episodic memory

Answer 12

Long term, personally experienced events

Question 13

Semantic memory

Answer 13

long term, facts and abstract knowledge

Question 14

Procedural memory

Answer 14

long term, skills and habits

Question 15

Encoding process

Answer 15

Process to convert short term –> long term

Question 16

Shallow Processing & Rehearsal

Answer 16

Maintenance rehearsal, hold numbers in short term by repetition and it eventually slides into long term

Question 17

Deep Processing

Answer 17

Effortful processing, elaboration, organization, and visual imagery

Question 18

Elaboration

Answer 18

Remember better if you mentally elaborate on it mentally or in conversation, deep processing

Question 19

Organization

Answer 19

How the terms all fit together, deep processing

Question 20

Visual imagery

Answer 20

deep processing, mnemonic devices

Question 21

Method of loci

Answer 21

Mnemonic device, what I did with the presidents in the room

Question 22

Clustering

Answer 22

Mnemonic device, Dividing large info into chunks, memorizing brother names

Question 23

Acrostics

Answer 23

Each letter of a word stands for something to be remembered. Like the poems in elementary school

Question 24

Acronym

Answer 24

Abbreviation formed from beginning of the letters, CEO

Question 25

Decay theory

Answer 25

Don’t need, it, then it fades away

Question 26

Interference theory

Answer 26

Everything you ever knew is there, its just blocked for one reason or another

Question 27

Motivated (active) forgetting

Answer 27

Freudien repression

Question 28

Retrograde amnesia

Answer 28

Complete or partially forget the past

Question 29

Anterograde amnesia

Answer 29

Can’t form new memories

Question 30

Memory is…

Answer 30

reconstructed and deconstructed

Question 31

Eye witness testimonies are…

Answer 31

very unreliable, harvard professor and staged murder

Question 32

Elizabeth Loftus

Answer 32

Implanted memories, schemas (mental framework) and false memory syndrome, memories recovered in therapy are controversial to validity

Question 33

Engram with Planaria

Answer 33

Searched for physiological change in learned memory. Concluded RNA changed

Question 34

Eric Kandel &aplysia

Answer 34

Concluded learning and memory are part of the developmental process. Memory involves gene expression