Chapter 6 - Learning

Question 1

Habituation

Answer 1

New stimulus = anxiety so if nothing bad happens we ignore it. air con kicking on

Question 2

Sensitization

Answer 2

Sensitive to stimulus due to past experience

Question 3

Classical conditioning (pavlovian)

Answer 3

associate bell w/ food = saliva. Non optional

Question 4

Operant conditioning (skinnerian)

Answer 4

Some operation must be performed to get stimulus. optional

Question 5

Insight learning (kohler)

Answer 5

Kohler=gestalt. Ape puts stick together and gets aha moment. Solved the problem on his own and is therefore insight learning

Question 6

Taste Aversion

Answer 6

1 trial learning

Question 7

Generalization

Answer 7

Things taught in one situation are generalized to be useful in another

Question 8

Discrimination

Answer 8

Failure to generalize because the situation is different enough. If animals can discriminate then they aren’t color blind

Question 9

Watson, phobias

Answer 9

Believed were classically conditioned, mother afraid of lighting, likely you are too

Question 10

Systematic desensitization

Answer 10

Like exposure therapy. Least scary to most

Question 11

Aversive conditioning

Answer 11

Make bad habits disgusting to you

Question 12

Thorndike

Answer 12

Operant conditioning. puzzle box. reward = reinforcement of good behavior

Question 13

Negative reinforcement

Answer 13

Reinforcement is always positive so this is taking away a bad stimulus

Question 14

Primary reinforcer

Answer 14

food, shelter, water, sex

Question 15

Secondary reinforcer

Answer 15

something used to get primary reinforcer. Gain value through learning

Question 16

Skinner’s operant conditioning chamber

Answer 16

Learn a maze, wrong punish, right reward

Question 17

Manipulandum

Answer 17

lever in skinners operant conditioning box

Question 18

Continuos reinforcement

Answer 18

1 press, 1 reinforcement. Learns quicker

Question 19

Variable ratio

Answer 19

On average it will be 1:2, 1:3 etc.

Question 20

FIxed interval

Answer 20

Lever won’t work until 5 mins later

Question 21

Partial reinforcement

Answer 21

FIxed ratios 1:2… greater resistance to extinction

Question 22

Shaping

Answer 22

Trying to get pigeon to spin around

Question 23

Chaining

Answer 23

Stringing behaviors together like his dog lucy

Question 24

Random reinforcement=

Answer 24

superstition

Question 25

Token economy- Biofeedback

Answer 25

like a point system for kids

Question 26

Albert Bandura

Answer 26

Bobo studies, kids imitate violence, not if scolded etc. vicarious learning, no trial learning. hit bobo please! guiltily do it