Chapter 4 - Visual Perception & Attention

Question 1

Figure ground

Answer 1

being able to separate the figure from the background

Question 2

Grouping of elements`

Answer 2

Gestalt’s law of grouping

Question 3

Law of proximity

Answer 3

those closest get grouped together (rows vs columns example with black dots)

Question 4

Law of similarity

Answer 4

Objects that are similar get grouped together

Question 5

Law of good continuity

Answer 5

View things in the way that makes the most continuous sense

Question 6

Law of closure

Answer 6

When pieces are missing, we connect the dots

Question 7

Law of common fate

Answer 7

Objects that move together, are perceived as belonging together

Question 8

Binocular disparity

Answer 8

2 different angles = 3d image. Less disparity = closer object

Question 9

Stereopsis

Answer 9

See two things, and learn to see them as one at a distance

Question 10

Convergence

Answer 10

Focus on close things…eyes go crosseyed

Question 11

Motion parallax

Answer 11

Objects closer to you move faster, like in a car

Question 12

Elevation above the horizon

Answer 12

Looking up at people makes them farther on the horizon, therefore making them farther away or closer

Question 13

Interposition

Answer 13

object blocks another therefore is closer

Question 14

Linear perspective

Answer 14

Parallal lines appear to converge in the distance

Question 15

Aerial perspective

Answer 15

Objects in the distance become hazier

Question 16

Relative brightness

Answer 16

Objects in the foreground are perceived as brighter

Question 17

Texture gradient

Answer 17

No lines but things get smaller in the distance

Question 18

Shading

Answer 18

3d through shade caused by sun/light

Question 19

Size constancy

Answer 19

View objects as the same size because we expect them to get smaller in the distance when its actually bigger

Question 20

Shape constancy

Answer 20

Door opening rectangle looks like a trapezoid but we know its not duh

Question 21

Brightness constancy

Answer 21

Paper in sunlight is brighter than paper in the dark

Question 22

Top down processing

Answer 22

See the whole, then notice the elements. Reading now. Stronger than bottom up

Question 23

Bottom up processing

Answer 23

like sounding out a word

Question 24

Dichotic listening

Answer 24

can only hear your name, sex, and swears in the other ear