Chapter 7 Jeffersonian Revolution Flashcards
The Election of 1800
-Jefferson and Burr tie in electoral votes, knocking out Adams
-Vote goes to house
-Federalists want Burr to win because he is unscrupulous and will do anything to win, even switched parties
-Each state allowed to cast one vote
-36th attempt Hamilton endorses Jefferson
-Jefferson angry that Burr didn’t concede, doesn’t like him as vice pres
-12th Amendment- electoral can cast separate ballots for pres and vice pres
-first change in power-feds to DR
Abilities of president Jefferson
-experience and good writer
-enlightenment thinker
-wants to reverse federalist policies
-Was secretary of State- good with other countries
-wants to have strict constitution
-cut back federal government power
-cut tax on whiskey
-didn’t get rid of Hamilton’s economic policies or national bank
The Judiciary Acts
-federalists pass acts at the end of Adam’s presidency creating circuit and district courts with federalists judges appointed
-called midnight appointments
-Jefferson repealed and impeached judges
-John Marshall is head of supreme court justices and a last minute appointment by Adams
-asserts federal over state law
-elevated supreme court
Marbury vs. Madison
-Marshall makes ruling
-Madison refuses to send William Marbury his letter of appointment to become a jusitce in DC after DR take office
-Marbury sues
-Marshall doesn’t like what Madison is doing, but rules in favor of him saying Marbury’s sue was unconstitutional
-establishes judicial review and gives supreme court more power
A New Frontier
-Jefferson wants a country of independent farmers
-encourages settlement and makes it easier to get land in the west
-Jefferson wanted natives to assimilate into american culture outside of civilization
-leads to reservation system
-Tecumseh- Shawnee fought with america in revolution, but led resistance against westward expansion
Louisiana Purchase
-Napoleon conquered spain and put his brother joseph on the throne, taking back Louisiana
-Jefferson is worried about Napoleon and sends William Livingston and Monroe to negotiate New Orleans to avoid France having a port city
-Napoleon needs money to generate war so gives all of LA purchase for 15 million, doubling size of nation
-Goes against strict interpretation
-Send Lewis and Clark to see economic potential of land
-leave with 50 men for two years
-Sacajawea
The Federalist Threat
-federalists losing power and don’t like Jefferson’s policies
-Essex Junto-group of extreme federalists who think there is a decline in virtue
-Thomas Pickering- calls TJ a parisian revolutionary monster
-Jefferson wins 1804 election by a lot
Burr’s Conspiracy
-TJ mad at Burr for not letting him win, doesn’t let him have influence in decisions
-Talks about succession, but Hamilton finds out, so he kills him in a duel
-indicted of murder in NY, NJ
-as soon as term is over he goes west
-conspiracy with James Wilkinson
-wants to carve empire of Spain for himself, betrayed and charged for treason
-Marshall acquits him
Renewal of War in Europe
-US claim neutrality in Napoleonic wars
-want to trade with both countries
-Britain blockades, can’t trade without british license
-Napoleon’s continental system-no one trades with Britain
-Both capturing american ships trying to trade
-British impress, and attack the Chesapeake, forcing crew into Navy
-want war
-embargo act- no trade, backfires and hurts american economy more
-New Englanders need traded goods for manufacturing divides the nation
Election of 1808
-DR remain in power with Madison
-gets rid of embargo act
-replaced with non intercourse act which regulates commerce
-federalist threat-looking to change things up
War of 1812
-Warhawks (young DR) and Henry clay want war on Britain
-if we can’t resist british policies how are we our own nation
-Tecumseh and the Prophet are rallying natives into the Western Confederacy, and believed that Tecumseh is with British in British Canada
-Sends IN gov William Henry Harrison to diminish resistance in Prophetstown
-Defeat Prophet at Battle of Tippecanoe while Tecumseh is away
-warhawks want war on British Canada to get canadian land
-Madison Declares far-feds oppose
-Couldn’t invade canada, bottled in harbors
-won battle at lake eerie-paved way for harrison to defeat natives at Thames where Tecumseh is killed
-Andrew Jackson defeats the Creeks who were allied with Tecumseh
end of the war
-Napoleon abdicates and British troops focus on America
-Invade from canada but turned back at battle of Lake Champlain
-land in chesapeake bay and capture DC and burn down capitol and presidential mansion
-attack at Baltimore and repelled
-where Francis Scott key wrote SSB
-Andrew Jackson defeats british trying to take New Orleans
-peace treaty had been signed but lack of communication
-Treaty of Ghent- draw
-americans see as victory because they held their own
federalist debacle
–While negotiations for Ghent happen, federalist meet at hartford convention to discuss embargos, war, and nullifying laws
-talk of succession
-bad timing seen as unpatriotic and unwise
-federalists don’t recover and party fades
Era of Good Feelings
-refers to the election of 1816 where Monroe wins easily and the nation is run mainly by one party, the democratic republicans
Henry Clay
-wants to fix economy so he comes up with the american system
-felt US was dependent on British manufactured goods
-Madison and Monroe endorse plan to create more industry
-adopts vision from Hamilton
-Wants second national bank to help with credit and financial transactions outside of european banks
-wants tariffs on foreign goods- encourages domestic goods, taxes used for infrastructure that help farmers and manufacturers
-called the Great Compromiser
came up with Missouri compromise
