Ch 8 The Rise of Manufacturing

Question 1

labor systems

Answer 1

-Before there was proto industrialization where merchants would bring goods to workers at home and they would get paid based off how much they made
-Later, people go to work in factories where goods are massed produced
-cotton industry booms
-Lowell, MA- textiles
-Lowell system-young unmarried woman could work to bring earnings to marriage
-low cost, always more workers, middle class

Question 2

Labor Movement

Answer 2

-Laborers coming together was slow
-Panic of 1819- caused by Napoleonic wars, and second national bank caused inflation
-need wages to increase as prices increase
-unions call change for working conditions, first working hours

Question 3

Monroe Doctrine

Answer 3

-Monroe and Quincey Adams are concerned about what happens if France and Spain tries to recolonize Latin America who got their independence in the Napoleonic Wars
-Britain doesn’t want recolonization because they are trading
-Britain wants US to guarantee sovereignty of the Latin countries
-US rejects to aviod being Britain’s shadow
-doctrine declares that the US would resist any European colonization in western hemisphere
- wouldn’t get involved in european wars

Question 4

Native American Removal

Answer 4

-Jefferson wants to move natives west of Mississippi
-Monroe calls for removal policy ignoring that cherokee already assimilated and settled
-Jackson removal act- claims no animosity
-wants to remove cherokee- fight back in courts
-Cherokee vs. Georgia- do natives have rights in american court- John Marshall doesn’t make a ruling

Question 5

Worcester vs Georgia

Answer 5

-makes it to Marshall-Cherokee allowed to stay, treaty signed by government that backed the claim
-Jackson refuses to implement ruling and has troops back him up
-people were afraid of natives letting Jackson get away with it
-1/3 of Cherokees die on trail of tears to OK under Martin van Buren
-Seminoles in FL fought to stay but failed

Question 6

Transportation Revolution

Answer 6

-after war of 1812, becoming more urban and expanding west
-National Road- connects ohio and potomac rivers, federal
-Steamboats were new form, could go upstream
-erie canal starts a movement of canal building that people go bankrupt trying to make
-railroads stimulate commercial, makes it safer to travel west, made chicago big

Question 7

religious revivals

Answer 7

2nd great awakening- stresses personal and emotions
-strengthens baptists and methodists, creates adventists
-Finney and Dwight hold revivals
-woman play bigger role in churches, get educated to better read and understand scripture

Question 8

dorothy Dix

Answer 8

reforms mental health

Question 9

Horace Mann

Answer 9

improve public education and teacher training

Question 10

William Lloyd Garrison

Answer 10

owner and editor of the Liberator trying to end slavery

Question 11

Frederick Douglass

Answer 11

former slave who was self educated, strongest speaker agianst slavery
-Wrote the narrative of the life of Frederick DOuglass

Question 12

Nat Turner

Answer 12

-Slave in VA that ended up killing owner and family of plantations
-kills 60
-whites kill 200
-cause stricter laws

Question 13

abolitionist movement

Answer 13

-most were christians that felt owning people was wrong
-some were worried about race mixing, owners sleeping with slaves
-American Colonization Society- creating colony in Africa for slaves to go back to

Question 14

temperance movement

Answer 14

-movement to abolish alcohol
-persuades some state to go dry
-led by evangical Christians, helps with abolition movement

Question 15

Jacksonian Democracy

Answer 15

-Jackson captivates politics- era of common man for how qualifications to vote lowered
-became more rallies and buttons

Question 16

Election of 1824

Answer 16

-Adams, Crawford, Clay, and Jackson
-Jackson won popular vote but not electoral votes
-went to house
-Clay endorsed adams and he won, Clay becomes sec of state
-Jackson states this is a corrupt bargain
-ends era of good feelings
-Adams doesn’t get much done because the Jacksonians are stopping him from doing anything

Question 17

Election of 1828

Answer 17

-John Quincey Adams vs Jackson
-mudslugging
-Jackson says Adams is a thief who stole election, aristocrat, and effete
-Adams says Jackson is a violent killer and adulterer
-Jackson wins and blames the death of his wife on the public

Question 18

Andrew Jackson

Answer 18

-portrays himself as log cabin, but had slaves and land
-Famous General-political champion of the people, old hickory
-no special expertise to hold office- spoil system
-has Kitchen Cabinet
-liked agrarian culture
-vetoed bills that called for federal support
-opposes abolitionists
-After death of John Marshall elected Taney to chief justice, led to the Taney court bc they defended states rights
-presidency grows and gains more power
-opponents call him King Andrew I

Question 19

Nullification Controversy

Answer 19

-assested power of federal over state laws
-Tarrif of 1828 passed by Adams raised cost of foreign goods to protect Northern maufacturing
-tarrif of abominations
-Calhoun in SC wanted to nullify laws, really just to stop slavery from being abolished in south
-Webster Hayne debate in senate where Jackson opposed nullification and passed Force Act to get troops ready to go to SC
-Clay lowers tarrif and diffused conflict

Question 20

The Bank War

Answer 20

2nd national bank was vital for Clay’s American system, and important for credits and activities
-Jackson believes it brought the panic of 1819, felt that Brittle, the manager of the bank had too much power
-clay tried to charter bank but was vetoed, thought it was a utility
-Jackson says the bank was for those with self interest- wins
-withdrew money from national ank and put it in state banks
specie circular policy-need gold and silver to purchase federal lands
-leads to panic and depression

Question 21

The Second Party System

Answer 21

-Whigs-opponents of Jackson
-active gov,
-support american system,support nat banks and tariffs, internal improvements, commerce and industry,
no manifest destiny,
business men and merchants
-Jackson chose Martin van Buren to be succesor, deals with economic pains and continues trail of tears
-Harrison elected president with tyler as vice
-tippecanoe and tyler too
-dies and tyler takes over, first time