Ch 6 Impact of American Revolution

Question 1

Impact of American Revolution

Answer 1

-A new nation was created that was unlike the old world with aristocracy and monarchy
-Unresolved questions about how to set up government based on enlightenment ideals
-revolution remains unfinished until new government is created

Question 2

Articles of Confederation

Answer 2

-took 4 years to ratify, Maryland last of 13 original to ratify
-created loose union among the states
-don’t want to give taxing power to gov like they did Parliament
-unicameral
-central gov in charge of coinage system, westward expansion, postal system, and indian affairs
-each state had one rep and one vote

Question 3

problems with the Articles of Confederation

Answer 3

-States had different needs: south-farming, north-shipping
-don’t have money from taxes to pay for things-dependent on state’s money
-central gov doesn’t have a lot of power to avoid tyranny
-anger over large vs small states representation
-9/13 colonies have to agree to make law- inaction

Question 4

Financial Problems

Answer 4

-never effectively financed troops during the war
-start printing money that had no value backing it up- inflation
-take out loans- interest
-Congress has no money from taxes to pay back the people
-economic depression

Question 5

Northwest Ordinance

Answer 5

-sold land to settlers in the west to get money
-established regulation of sales
-new territories could become states if they had enough people, education systems, etc.
-Ohio River separates free northern territories from enslaved south
-Most consequential part of Articles of Confederation

Question 6

Shay’s Rebellion

Answer 6

-Daniel Shay, war vet in hard times
-Farmers in western MA owed loans, but didn’t have the hard currency being demanded
-evicted from land
-group refused to be evicted and interrupted court hearing
-tried to get to armory but stopped by militia
-MA lowered taxes to calm it
-highlighted need for strong central gov

Question 7

Push for Representative Democracy

Answer 7

-Revolution based on equality, women and slaves want it
-Slaves that fought for colonies granted freedom
-Some landowners sent their slaves in their place to fight- granted freedom
-growth of racial publication and legislation leads to more free people
-700,000 slaves
-women denied right to vote

Question 8

Pennsylvania Gradual Emancipation Law

Answer 8

-PN Quakers
-No adult born into slavery before 1780 could be freed
-children freed but had to become indentured servants to pay off what slave owner paid for them
-no more importations
-Slaves had to be registered yearly

Question 9

Republican motherhood

Answer 9

highlighted the pros and cons of being a woman in the late 18th century

Question 10

Pros of being a woman

Answer 10

-woman essential to civic life
-raise fine young citizens
-in charge of the education of young males
-appreciated as central to culture- mothers put on pedestal

Question 11

cons of being a woman

Answer 11

-excluded from political activity
-no education beyond service of the family
-due to motherhood, limited career options

Question 12

Impact revolution had on the world

Answer 12

-French Revolution: third estate overthrows monarchy
-South American Revolutions: Simon Bolivar fight against spain, free Argentina, Chile, Guays
-Haitian Revolution: Toussaint L’Overture leads against france, slaves kill masters, scares world

Question 13

Constitutional Convention

Answer 13

-Philadelphia
1. how to represent states: VA and NJ Plans-Connecticut Compromise
2. Citizenship of Slaves: south wants them for census, north says they need rights of citizens- 3/5 compromise
3. Separation of Powers: legislature created, exectutive had fear of too much power, judicial created to have checks and balances in power
4. State Autonomy: fed-strong central gov, anti feds- state power. Stronger central gov but only have powers listed in Constitution- rest fall to states

Question 14

federalist papers

Answer 14

-Defend Constitution
-Madison, Hamilton, Jay
-Jay Art 2: undivided country protects against foreign threats
-Madison art 51: Gov needs checks and balances in power as well as separation
-Hamilton Art 68: electoral college necessary to keep those unfit out of office

Question 15

Finalizing the Constitution

Answer 15

9/13 ratify document last being NH
-Include Bill of Rights to ensure to the other 4 their rights won’t be taken
-Convention held to amend articles but turned into new constitution
-allows nation to maintain stablitiy

Question 16

Whiskey Rebellion

Answer 16

-pass tax on whiskey and all things used for whiskey
-Hits corn farmers in PN hard, feel it’s unfair
-violently prevent people collecting tax
-tax to lower national debt
-Washington sends troops
-says if you don’t like it vote different

Question 17

early republic

Answer 17

-a lot of debt
-defining presidency in first decade of government
-Fight against federalists and democratic republicans
-fight against federal vs state power

Question 18

George Washington

Answer 18

-obvious choice, well respected, unanimously voted
-wanted to retire but was brought back in
-sets precedent
-creates cabinet with different parties/perspective
-treasury- hamilton
-state- jefferson
-Battle of fallen timbers against natives over westward
-executive privilage-John Jay’s treaty
-leaves presidency

Question 19

John Adams

Answer 19

-vice president to Washington
-Adams Administration creates department of the navy
-XYZ Affair-french refused to talk to american reps unless they were paid, called 3 french guys X, Y, and Z almost led to war
-Alien and Sedition Acts- expels foreingers and jails newspaper writings for malicious writings, politically motivated for only expelling French so they don’t vote for TJ, arrests articles against adams- goes against first amendment
-Jefferson and Madison write VA and KY resolutions to argue states have right to judge constitutionality of federal laws, alien and sedition acts declared void, federalists argue they don’t have right, Jeff uses for election

Question 20

Federalists

Answer 20

-Washington, hamilton
-economy on commerce and trade
-loose interpretation of Const
-supporters are wealthy from northeast
-strong central gov
-national bank
-stronger ties with Britain

Question 21

Democratic Republicans

Answer 21

-Jefferson, Madison
-Economy on agriculture
-strict interpretation of Const
-yaoman farmers and plantation owners are supporters
-state powers
-nat bank not necessary
-Stronger ties with France

Question 22

First National Bank

Answer 22

-proposed by Hamilton to regulate banking and strengthen economy
-Argued if it is within power
-Argues that gov can coin, tax, and give money to other nations basically banking
-Washington signs
-DR sign off in return to move capitol to Washington DC closer south